History

• His Majesty Sultan Qaboos


  May Allah the Almighty place his soul in Paradise
• Emended by Lawyer Dr. Mubarak
• Collage of Medicine and Health Sciences
• Doctor of Medicine (MD1)
• Oman History and Islamic Culture-(UHS00102)
• Contents


  • His Majesty Sultan. Qaboos Lineage
  • HM Sultan. Qaboos's Early Life
  • Oman Status Before 1970
  • Oman Transformation After 1970
  • Great Achievements
  • Death of H.M. Sultan. Qaboos

  
• Qaboos bin Said bin Taimur bin Faisal bin Turki bin Said bin Sultan bin Ahmed bin Said Al-Busaidi


  Lineage of His Majesty Sultan. Qaboos

  
• His Majesty Sultan. Qaboos was born in Salalah, southern region of Oman, on 17th Shawwal 1359 AH, corresponding date November 18th, 1940 AD

  
• He grew up in his father's house
• He was the only son of his father Sultan. Said bin Taimur
• He received his primary and secondary education in Salalah at Al Saidiyah School
• In his early years, His Majesty memorized

  • Holy Quran
  • Studied traditional Sunnah
  • Arabic grammar
  • Religious sciences
  • History and stories
  • Poetry books
• In September 1958 AD, his father sent him to England, where he continued his education in private educational institutions in Suffolk in East Anglia, England
• Then he joint Royal Military Academy Sandhurst (RMAS) in 1960 AD as a candidate officer. He spent two years there, where he studied military sciences and graduated as a second lieutenant (officer)
• He studied for a year in field of local government systems, and completed specialized courses in administration and state organization, before returning back to Oman in 1964 AD
• In 1964, HM Majesty returned back to Oman and lived with his father in Salalah. He continued his educational process by self-learning and meeting greatest scholars
• He spent most of his time improving his knowledge of Islamic legislation (Shari'ah) law, civilization and history of his country. During that period, he also met senior Omani Shaikhs, officials, and others when they visited his father
• HM Sultan deposed his father Said bin Taimur in a bloodless cope with British support and he officially became new Sultan of Oman


  July 23rd, 1970 AD
• He was one of the youngest Arab leaders, but he was highly educated Monarch
• Since taking the position, Sultan. Qaboos worked to deepen Sultanate's relations with Arab and foreign countries, ended up Oman's isolation, and he placed Oman on a path of development using oil incomes to modernize the country
• Problems in Oman before 1970 AD


  • Lack of education
  • Lack of social and health care
  • Lack of appropriate housing
  • Emigration of many Omanis out of their homeland
• Oman was one of the least developed of Arab countries and His Majesty inherited a legacy of backwardness and stagnation. In addition to this, Sultanate of Muscat and Oman suffered from a civil conflict and foreign invaders in Southern Region mountains of Dhofar e.g., safeguarding the country from communism
• From the moment His Majesty Sultan. Qaboos came to the power, he sat development projects aiming to improve people standard of living. He provided essential services e.g. opened schools, built hospitals and roads, and began to expand the national economic base so that the country worked on to diversify sources of income to not rely on oil as a major source of national income
• He secured an end to the civil conflict in Dhofar on 11 December 1975, allowing development process to cover entire country. In addition to achieving security, stability and decent living for Omani citizens wherever they are and everywhere in Oman
• As a result a lot of immigrated Omanis returned back to Oman. Even those who were against his father (Sultan. Said bin Taimur) and against his controlling laws, they returned back to their homeland after they heard about HM Sultan. Qaboos positive changes
• Annual Royal Tours (Royal Tours)


  A unique method of participated leadership and people, where the Sultan listened to his people requests and views, addressed himself to their interests, and received personal letters, which he red with care before deciding on appropriate courses of action
• He established a cabinet of ministers to perform an executive role and run day to day affairs of government
• In 1981 he expanded Oman government and consultative base when he sat up State Consultative Council to provide for maximum participation in the country economic and social planning and development
• In 1991 His Majesty replaced State Consultative Council with Majlis A'Shura, and elected assembly. In 1997 His Majesty further strengthened the country political institutions with creation of a second chamber of the parliament State Council (Majlis A'Dawla)
• HM Sultan. Qaboos had been the driving force behind integration of Omani women in Oman's renaissance since 1970. He had encouraged ladies to serve alongside with gentlment as equal partners in national development
• Omani women participate in all aspects of national growth e.g., they play full role in Omani society, occupy important positions in government, private sector, social services (education/health) and in economy as well as in security forces
• In 1981, His Majesty was one of the founders of Arab Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and had been a strong supporter of enhanced regional cooperation
• HM Sultan. Qaboos also sat framework for political development of Sultanate, including rights and responsibilities of Omani citizens, and stated general principles on which government of Sultanate to be conduct. These principles combined traditional Omani values, derived from the Islamic legislation (Shari'ah) with modem conceptions of human rights, political participation, and free market economics
• Before 1970, there were only three schools in whole Oman with 900 students
• HM Sultan. Qaboos encouraged education from the first beginning; in 1970, number of schools increased from 3 to 16 schools in the country. In 1972 there were 45 schools and in 2000 there were 970 schools
• Nowadays, there are 2,133 modern schools across Oman contain over 840,000 male and female students, 71,469 teachers and 12,834 administrators and technicians from various governorates of the Sultanate
• Regarding to illiteracy eradication field: in age group (15-44) years the illiteracy rate has decreased to 0.46% according to data issued by National Center for Statistics and Information, 2021
• Awards won by HM Sultan. Qaboos

  • International Peace Award in 1998
  • International Public Opinion Award in 1980
  • Royal Victorian Chain Award
  • Nishan-e-Pakistan Award in 2001
  • Jawaharlal Nehru Award for International Understanding Award in 2007
  • Peace Award from Russian International Society in 2007
  • International Arab Man Award in 2016
• Sultan Qaboos also funded several awards, for example: Sultan Qaboos Prize for Environmental Preservation, through a donation to UNESCO , to afford recognition to outstanding contributions in the management or preservation of the environment. The prize has been awarded every two years since 1991
• His death was announced by official Oman News Agency on early Saturday 11th January, 2020. (aged of 79)