contaminants

• acrylamide foods affected

  • Coffee bread, breakfast cereals, biscuits, pastries crisps chips
  • Millard reaction- protein + carbohydrate +120°C
• acrylamide at risk groups

  • Children
  • Hi coffee consumption
  • Narrow diet
• acrylamide health affects

  • DNA damage
  • Neurotoxilogical problems
  • Carcinogenic
• acrylamide controls

  • EU toolbox
  • European regulation commission regulation on acrylamide 2018, mid effort to reduce no maximum levels or penalties for being over
  • MOE - margin of exposure
• arsenic foods affected

  • Rice and rice products
  • Used as a pesticide in cotton fields
  • Flooded more soluble taken up by root
• arsenic risk groups


  Children - cheap, soft, low allergenic, potential weaning food

  Coeliac - no gluten in rice, many free from products made by Rice flour
• arsenic health effects


  Short-term - immune system

  Long-term

  • Lung and bladder cancer
  • Babies growth, IQ immune system
  • Heart disease, diabetes, and nervous system damage
• arsenic controls

  • EU legislation, 2016 set maximum limit
  • Codex for industry
  • Reviewed on regular basis - food for infants
  • Manufactures responsibility to make low as possible
  • FSA survey on elements in infant food
  • Consumer- steep rise in water overnight cook in 5 to one water to rice, ratio cuts levels by 80%
• BPA foods affected

  • Canned fruit and veg, tea, coffee, sake infant formula
  • Bottles, epoxy, resin, protective linings, polycarbonate, plastics, and coating on metal lids
• BPA risk groups


  E FSA calculate BPA poses no health risk to consumer of any age groups at current levels of exposure
• BPA health affects

  • COT and FSA say no short-term effects
  • Long-term endocrine, disruptor, mimics, female, Sujan effects fertility diabetes
  • Maybe carcinogenic breast on testicular cancer
  • Liver, toxicity
  • Linked to obesity by triggering futsal activity
  • Heart disease
  • Patterns of development and behaviour issues in children
  • BP, a rapidly, absorbed, detoxified and eliminated from humans
• BPA controls

  • EU legislation restricts amount of BPA that can migrate
  • Baby bottles, BPA free
  • Band in some countries
  • Safe alternative
• dioxins foods affected

  • Dairy products, meat, fish and shellfish
  • Contaminated feed, improper disposal of industrial Waste
• dioxins atrisk groups

  • developing foetus
  • newborns
  • diet - lots of fish
  • occupation
• dioxins health effects

  • short term - skin lesions
  • long term- immune system
  • nervous system
  • endocrine system and reproductive function
• dioxins controls

  • trim fat from meat (absorbed by fat tissue)
  • low fat diary products
  • balanced diet
  • privisional tolerable monthly intake - 70picogram/kg of bw per month
  • WHO + FAO ‘code of practice’
• cadmium food affected

  • cereal, leafy, veg, bivalve mollusks, chocolate nuts meet, pollution
  • Soil, weathering of rock and volcanic activity
• cadmium at risk. groups

  • Vegans and vegetarians
  • Children
  • Smokers
  • People living in highly contaminated areas
• cadmium health effects

  • kidney damage
  • Renal failure
  • Bone demineralisation
  • Carcinogenic, lung, bladder breast
• cadmium control

  • maximum level establish for food
  • Structure of chocolate for children
  • Cocoa powder for direct consumption
  • TWI 2.5 ug per kilogram of body weight.
• lead foods affected

  • offal and Mollusks
  • Lead shot game?
  • Contamination during processing or production
• Land risk groups

  • Toddlers and children
  • Pregnant?
  • Trying for a baby
• lead health affects

  • Colic constipation
  • Increase blood pressure, CVD
  • Foetal neurodevelopmental effects
  • Reduced learning capacity in children
• Lead controls

  • No safe lead intake
  • Large game sold in the shop is farmed and has no or low levels of lead
• Mercury foods affected

  • Fish meat - tuna swordfish cod
  • Water pollution, volcanic activity
  • Byproduct of industry
  • Bioaccumulation
• Mercury health effects

  • Methylmercury - toxic to developing nervous system and brain development in fetus
• Mercury controls

  • JECFA - 1.6ug/kg of body weight of methylmergury
  • member state - consider national patterns of fish consumption
  • He FSA between one and two and three and four servings of fish have health benefits
  • Pregnant? - avoid shark, Marlin and swordfish.