Translation

• What is translation?


  Where mRNA attaches to a ribosome, and corresponding tRNA molecules bring the specific amino acid the codon codes for, creating a polypeptide chain.
• What is the first step of translation?

  The modified mRNA attaches to the ribosome in the cytoplasm.
• Where does the ribosome attach to on the mRNA molecule in translation?

  The start codon.
• What does the tRNA molecule with the complimentary anticodon do in translation?

  Aligns opposite the mRNA, held in place by the ribosome.
• What does the ribosome do after tRNA has aligned opposite mRNA in translation and why?

  It moves along the mRNA to enable another complimentary base to attach to the next codon on the mRNA.
• What do amino acids join by?

  A peptide bond.
• What is a peptide bond catalysed by and what does the reaction require?

  An enzyme, and ATP.
• When does the ribosome stop moving down the mRNA molecule?

  When it reaches the stop codon at the end of mRNA.
• What does the ribosome do when it reaches the stop codon?

  It detaches from mRNA.