Male Reproductive System

• Spermatogenesis is the process by which male germ cells develop into mature spermatozoa, occurring within the seminiferous tubules of the testis.
• Each lobule is made up of 250 to 100 seminefarous tubules
• Also known as the Sustinacular Cells

  Sertoli Cells
• Provide support and nutrition to young growing sperm cells


  Sertoli Cells
• Sertoli Cells are what kind of cells?

  Columnar Epithelial Cells
• Youngest to Oldest

  Spermatogoniun

  Primary Sprematocytes

  Secondary Spermatocytes
• Produces sperm and lie within the scrotum

  Testes
• Male Gonads

  Testes
• System of ducts that deliver sperm to the exterior

  • Epididymis
  • Ductus Deferens
  • Ejaculatory Duct
  • Urethra
• Empty their secretions into the ducts during ejaculation

  Accessory Sex Gland
• The SRY gene on the Y chromosome codes for a protein so that androgen receptors are produced in a male fetus.
• Testosterone and androgen receptors are needed in the fetus for male anatomy to develop.
• XX


  Femlae
• XY


  Male
• Accessory Glands

  • Seminal Vesicles
  • Prostate Gland
  • Bulbourethral Glands
• Supporting Structures

  • Scrotum
  • Penis
• A sac containing the testes

  Scrotum
• Intrascrotal temperature is kept constant by what muscles?

  Dartos and Cremaster
• Smooth muscle that wrinkles scrotal skin

  Dartos
• Bands of skeletal muscle that elevate the testes

  Cremaster
• Why is the testes 3°c lower than core body temperature

  Sperm Production
• Suspends each testis and is composed of the cremaster muscle, the ductus deferens, the testicular artery, and the pampiniform plexus.

  Spermatic Cord
• Network of veins surrounding the testicular artery

  Pampiniform Plexus
• Septa divide the testis into how many lobules

  300-400
• Tunics that surround the testis

  1. Tunica Vaginalis
  2. TUnica Albuginea
• Produce Sperm

  Seminiferous Tubules
• Surrounding the seminiferous tubules are interstitial cells that produce testosterone
• Outermost cells in contact with the epithelial basal lamina

  Spermatogonia
• Type A or B Daughter Cells:

  Cells remain at the basement membrane and maintain the germ line

  Type A
• Type A or B Daughter Cells:

  Cells move toward the lumen and become primary spermatocytes

  Type B
• Major Regions of Sperm:

  Contains DNA and has a helmetlike acrosome containing hydrolytic enzymes that allow egg penetration

  Head
• Major Regions of Sperm:

  Contains mitochondria spiraled around the tail filaments

  Midpiece
• Major Regions of Sperms: Typical flagellum produced by a centriole

  Tail
• Sperm Head

  • Nucleus with 23 chromosomes
  • Acrosome
  • Enzyme-filled sac
• Sperm Midpiece

  • Mitochondria
• Sperm Tail

  • Flagellum
• Nourish the sperm cells

  Sustentacular Cells
• Efferent ductules extend from the testes into the head of the epididymis and join the duct of the epididymis
• Cutting and ligating the ductus deferens, which is a nearly 100% effective form of birth control

  Vasectomy
• A copulatory organ designed to deliver sperm into the female reproductive tract

  Penis