TEACHING PROF

• Early Conceptions of Education


  • Primitive Education
  • Oriental Education
  • Greek Education
  • Roman Education
• Primitive Education


  Education for Conformity
• Primitive Education


  • Aims: To survive and to conform to the tribe to which they belong
  • Contents: Practical and Theoretical Education
  • Methods: Tell me and show me, trial and error, enculturation, indoctrination
• Oriental Education


  Education for the Preservation of Social Stability
• Oriental Education


  • Aims: To impress traditional ideas and customs in order to maintain and perpetuate the long established social order
  • Contents: Moral and Theoretical Training
  • Methods: imitation, memorization
• Greek Education


  Education for the Development of Individuality
• Greek Education


  • Spartan: To develop a good soldier in each citizen
  • Athenian: To perfect man (body and mind) for individual excellence needed for public usefulness
  • Contents: Spartan- Military and physical training, Athenians- Liberal education
  • Methods: Athenian- Principle of individuality, Spartan- Competition and rivalry
• Roman Education


  Education for Utilitarianism
• Roman Education


  • Aim: To educate the Roman youth for realizing national ideals
  • Content: Physical training (martial arts, use of war weapons)
  • Methods: Elementary – memorization, imitation, Secondary – literary exercises, intensive drill on speech, grammar
• Education During the Middle / Medieval Age


  • Christian Concept of Education
  • Monasticism
  • Scholasticism
  • Chivalric Education
  • Guild System of Education
  • Saracenic Education
• Christian Concept of Education

  Education for Humanitarianism
• Christian Concept of Education

  • Aim: To develop socially responsible individuals who possess all the virtues of brotherly love
• Monasticism


  Education as Spiritual Discipline/ Moral Discipline
• Monasticism


  • Aim: To achieve eternal salvation
• Scholasticism


  Education as Intellectual Discipline
• Scholasticism


  • Aim: To support the doctrine of the church by rational argument
• Chivalric Education


  Education as Social Discipline
• Chivalric Education


  • Aims: Training for a life of high ideals / standards, Training for knighthood centered on the rudiments of love, war and religion
• Guild System of Education

  Education for the requisites of commerce and industry
• Saracenic Education


  Application of scientific facts to the affairs of daily life
• Modern Conceptions of Education

  • Reformation
  • Counter-Reformation
  • Education as Training of the Mind / Formal Discipline
  • Rationalism
  • Education in Harmony with Nature / Naturalistic Conception of Education
  • Education for Patriotic Citizenship / Nationalistic Conception
• Reformation


  Religious moralism
• Reformation


  • Aim: Religious moralism
  • Content: Physical education, Character education. Math, History, Science
  • Methods: Memorization, religious indoctrination
  • Proponent: Martin Luther
• Counter-Reformation


  To develop an unquestioning obedience to the authority of the church
• Counter-Reformation


  • Content: 4R's (religion included)
  • Methods: adapting the lesson to the abilities, needs, and interests of children, reviewing the previous lessons, repetition for mastery, memorization with understanding, use of textbooks
  • Proponents: Christian Brothers, Jansenists, Jesuits
• Education as Training of the Mind / Formal Discipline

  To train the mind through rigorous exercises in order to develop intellectual capacities, To form character (mental, physical and moral)
• Education as Training of the Mind / Formal Discipline


  • Contents: Classical Languages and Math; Physical (vigor of the body) mental (mental power) and moral (good conduct)
  • Methods: Formal- sensation, memory and reasoning, Drill method
  • Proponent: John Locke
• Rationalism


  To enable man to think for themselves
• Rationalism


  • Contents: philosophical/scientific knowledge, ethics and morality
  • Methods: critical analysis, application of reason
• Education in Harmony with Nature / Naturalistic Conception of Education


  To develop the individual in accordance with the laws of human development and to preserve the natural goodness of man
• Education in Harmony with Nature / Naturalistic Conception of Education


  • Contents: Holistic education (physical, moral, intellectual)
  • Proponent: Jean Jacques Rousseau
• Education for Patriotic Citizenship / Nationalistic Conception


  To develop military preparedness and aggressiveness for the preservation and glorification of the State
• Education for Patriotic Citizenship / Nationalistic Conception


  • Content: Social Studies
  • Methods: Practical