Early elizabethan England 👑

Created by

Izzy Shuttleworth

Cards (37)

What we're Elizabeth's problems? 
Young and had little experience
She was protestant
Finical weakness
Challenges from abroad
What was Elizabeth's character?
Very well educated and confident
Had a good understanding of politics
Strong willed and stubborn
Catholic services/beliefs  
Service in Latin and churches were highly decorative
Mainly in North and west of England
Pope is head of church
Priest can forgive sins
Wine and bread become the body and blood of christ
Protestant services/beliefs 
Services in english and churches were plain
Mainly in South East and London
No pope
Only God can forgive sins
Wine and bread represent body and blood of christ
What's a puritan? 
Very strict protestant
What's the privy Council? 
Nobles who helped govern the country
Who was William Cecil?
Secretary of state
What was the aim of Elizabeth's religious settlement?
To establish a religious form that would be accepted by catholics and protestants
What happened in Elizabeth's religious settlement?
A new protestant book had to be used in churches in english and there was no mass but churches were still decorated
What we're the Catholic challenges?
1/3 of the English nobility and gentry refused to attend church. This was encouraged by the pope
Why was Mary a problem to Elizabeth?
She was Catholic
She was her 2nd cousin so had a good claim to the throne
Believed to be involved in her husbands murder which caused a rebellion in Scotland
Why did the northen earls revolt?
To make England Catholic again and to make Mary queen
What happened in the northern earls revolt?
Rebels marched to Durham and took control of the cathedral. However support from Spain never arrived. Elizabeth moved Mary to Coventry to get her away from the rebellion
Why did the Northern earls revolt fail?
Poor planning
No support from abroad
Elizabeth acted decisively
Why was the ridolfi plot made?
To overthrow Elizabeth and replace her with mary
What was the ridolfi plot?
The Spanish would invade England so the English catholics would rebel
Why did the ridolfi plot fail?
Duke of Alva only agreed to do it after Elizabeth had been overthrown so the plot didn't reach the public
Why did the Throckmorton plot happen? 
Overthrow Elizabeth and free Mary to restore Catholicism in England
What happened in the Throckmorton plot?
Duke of Guise would invade England and Phillip || would pay. Throckmorton offered to send letters to Mary but got caught and was executed
Why did the Throckmorton plot fail?
The government quickly discovered the plot before it reached the public
Why was there the Babington plot? 
To kill Elizabeth and to free the country from protestant
What happened in the Babington plot?
Duke of Guise planned to invade and kill Elizabeth and have Mary on the throne. Babington sent letters to Mary in beer barrels but caught got and both were executed
Who was Francis Walsingham?
Elizabeth's secretary of state that used a network of spies and coders.
He used torture and executions to determine people from committing crimes against Elizabeth
Why was Mary executed?
Walsinghams evidence proved that she had been involved with the plots and the revolt so she couldn't be trusted
What were the actions of Francis drake?
Drake stole of Spanish ships with only one costing $140000.
Elizabeth encouraged his behaviour because they needed the money but the Spanish saw it as privacy
What was religious rivalry between England and Spain?
Elizabeth was protestant and Phillip was Catholic which led to lots of disagreements.
What was the English involvement with the Netherlands?
The Netherlands had rebelled against Spain. The English helped them by providing weapons and supplies
What was drakes raid on Cadiz?
Sailed into Cadiz Harbour and inflicted heavy damage on the Spanish ships which delayed the construction of the Armarda.
The Spanish plan in the armarda 
To go through the English channel, sail past France into the Netherlands and have the army already there
What happened during the armada?
They were spotted on the 29 July. 2 days later the Spanish ships were caught and chased up the English Channel by the English.
The English fired 6 cannonballs so the Spanish had to anchor off and sail round Scotland in dangerous storms
Why did the Spanish armada fail?
Bad weather
England ships were smaller, faster and easier to move
Francis Drake had lots of experience at sea
Commander suffered from sea sickness
Spanish broke out their formation
Features of theatres 
Entrance fees were cheap. Could stand in the pit for one penny
The audience liked the plots and characters
Why did some people not like the theatre?
Believed it could spread disease
Puritans thought it was work of the devil
What we're sports and pastimes?
Lord and gentry employed household musicians and added their own words to songs whereas lower class had feast days
What we're feast days? 
A village would have people drinking and dancing all day
What was education like?
No school system
Only rich girls had an education
Focused on practical skills for life
Mainly rich boys
What we're causes of poverty? 
Closure of monasteries
Unemployment
Population
Inflation
Bad harvest