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Health Assessment
Handwashing & Vital Signs
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one of the most effective method of preventing and controlling transmission of infection
hand hygiene
4 techniques of hand hygiene
handwashing,
antiseptic hand wash
,
antiseptic hand rub
,
surgical hand antisepsis
hand rubbing must be done how long
20-30
sec
balance between the heat produced by the body and the heat lost from the body
temperature
controls thermoregulation of the brain
hypothalamus
term meaning no fever/normal temperature
afebrile
term meaning has fever/temperature above normal
febrile
term meaning body temperature is above usual range (
37.5-38.3
)
pyrexia
or
hyperthermia
term meaning temperature below normal (
36
degrees)
hypothermia
wave of blood created by contraction of left ventricle of the heart
pulse rate
pulse located away from the heart
peripheral pulse
central pulse located in the apex of the heart
apical pulse
apical impulse is also known as
point of maximal impulse
patterns of beats and interval between the beats
rhythm
may be random, irregular, predictable, patterns of irregular beats
dysrhythmia
or
arrhythmia
pulse rate is less than
60
bpm
bradycardia
pulse rate is more than 100 bpm
tachycardia
strong pulse
bounding
or
full
diminished strength in pulse
thready
or
weak
what grade is absent or normal in the pulse rate scale
0 =
absent
3 =
normal
act of breathing
respiration
aspects of breathing that are different from normal, effortless breathing
respiratory character
regularity of the aspirations and inspirations
respiratory rhythm
rapid, labored deep breathing
kussmauls
very deep & shallow with apnea
cheyne stroke
shallow breaths interrupted by clusters of apnea
biots
amount of air a person takes in during normal inspiration and exhalation
tidal volume
12-20 breaths per minute/regular/normal
normal
or
eupnea
more than
24
bpm
tachypnea
less than
10
bpm
bradypnea
absence of breathing
apnea
difficulty of breathing
dyspnea
increased rate and depth/deep rapid respirations
hyperventilation
decreased rate and depth/very shallow respirations
hypoventilation
measure of the pressure exerted by the blood as it flows through the arteries
blood pressure
pressure of blood from contraction of the ventricles/pressure of height of blood wave
systolic
pressure when ventricles are at rest
diastolic
difference between the diastolic and systolic pressure
pulse pressure
blood pressure above normal
hypertension
blood pressure below normal
hypotension
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