Photosynthesis

• What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

  Carbon dioxide + water. -) glucose + oxygen
• What happens during photosynthesis? (2)

  -Light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll

  -Energy is used to convert carbon dioxide into sugar and oxygen (released as a by-product)
• What is chlorophyll?


  A green substance found in chloroplasts in some plants and in algae
• Where is the carbon dioxide and water from that is used in photosynthesis?

  Carbon dioxide - from air

  Water - from soil
• What may the rate of photosynthesis be limited by? (3)

  -low temperatures

  -shortage of carbon dioxide

  -shortage of light
• What three things do you do to enhance conditions in a green house?

  -Increase temperature

  -Increase carbon dioxide concentration

  -Increase light intensity
• What may the glucose produced in photosynthesis be used for? (5)

  -respiration

  -converted into insoluble starch for storage

  -used to produced fat or oil for storage

  -used to produce cellulose, which strengthens the cell wall

  -used to produce proteins
• How do plants produce proteins? what do they use?

  Plants use glucose and also NITRATE IONS that are absorbed from the soil
• What conditions are carnivorous plants adapted to live in and why?

  Nutrient-poor soil as they obtain most of their nutrients from the insects that they catch
• What form of energy do cells need in order to do work?

  ATP
• What types of organisms must obtain their food by consuming other organisms?

  Heterotrophs
• What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?

  6CO₂ + 6H₂0 --->light energy --> C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
• Where is the energy used in photosynthesis obtained?

  Light energy
• What are the reactants for photosynthesis?

  Carbon dioxide and water
• What are the end products of photosynthesis?

  Sugar and oxygen
• In which part of the leaf does photosynthesis primarily occur?

  stroma
• In what cellular organelle does photosynthesis occur

  chloroplast
• What is the function of chlorophyll


  To trap light
• What part of the visible spectrum is not absorbed by chlorophyll

  The green wavelengths
• What are the tiny disk like structures in chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll

  Thylakoid
• What are the sacs of three disk like structures called?

  Granum
• What is another name for the light independent reaction

  Calvin Cycle
• What are the four main steps of the light dependent reaction

  1. Light is absorbed by the pigment

  2. Goes through photosystem II

  3. Goes through electron transport chain

  4. ATP synthase stage
• Write two things that are needed for the light reaction

  Light and carbon dioxide
• What is produced by the light reaction of photosynthesis

  Water, sugar and oxygen
• What three substances must be supplied to the Calvin Cycle

  ATP, carbon dioxide, NADPH
• What is the energy from ATP and NADPH used for in the Calvin Cycle

  Combines the carbon dioxide molecules with the six five-carbon compounds to produce 12 three-carbon compounds
• What is produced in the Calvin Cycle

  Sugar
• Write some factors that affect the rate at which photosynthesis occurs

  Temperature, light intensity and availability of water
• In what cellular organelle does glycolysis occur?


  Cytoplasm
• During respiration what is glucose used for?

  To make energy