Queen, government and religion (1558-69)

• Who is involved in the Court?

  Elizabeths key servants, advisors and family

  Members of the nobility
• What is the role of the court?

  Advise Elizabeth

  Entertain

  Patronage

  Follow Elizabeth
• Who is involved in the Privy Council?

  Men that proved their loyalty to the Tudor dynasty

  William Cecil

  Lord Burghley
• What is the role of the Privy council?

  Met 3 times a week to discuss: law and order, government, security of England

  Also had tasks of: foreign affairs and religion
• Who is involved in Justices of the Peace?

  Unpaid local gentry, large land owners
• What was the role of Justices of the Peace?

  Make sure all social and economic policies were carried out

  sorted out cases for serious crimes
• Who is involved in Lord Lieutenants?

  Nobles
• What was the role of Lord Leiutenants?

  In charge of raising and training local militia

  sat on privy council to ensure JPs were doing their jobs
• Who is involved in parliament?

  House of Lords, House of Commons

  nobles and bishops

  elected men
• What was the role of Parliament?

  Pass laws

  Obtain extraordinary taxation

  Debated on marriage and succession

  Elizabeth can choose to ignore parliament
• What is the meaning of accession? 


  When a new monarch gains the throne
• Clergy


  Anyone ordained for religious duties, including priests and bishops
• Cleric


  A priest or member of the clergy
• Earls


  Powerful English nobles, usually owned large estates of land
• Commons


  The lower house in Parliament, made up of merchants and the common men
• Lords


  The upper house in Parliament, made up of lords and bishops
• Legitimate


  Legal, parents were legally married when they have a child
• Papacy


  Refers to the authority of the Pope
• Patronage


  A process where a rich or powerful person provides rewards to people who serve them
• Privy councillors


  Members of the Privy Council
• Puritan


  A Protestant who wanted to purify the Church

  extreme protestants
• Succession


  Passing on a title or throne to an heir
• Vestments


  Robes worn by priests
• Treasury


  The finance office for the government. It controlled public spending and was a very powerful office
• What 5 challenges did Elizabeth face?

  Legitimacy

  Gender + marriage

  Revenue

  Religion

  Foreign threat
• Why was Elizabeth considered to be illegitimate?

  Henry VIII was not married to Anne Bolynn when Elizabeth was conceived, he was married to Katherine of Aragon at the time and split from the catholic church to make divorce legal.
• Who didn't recognise Henry VIII and Katherine of Aragon's divorce?

  Powerful Catholics- didn't believe she was rightfully queen
• What did Henry VIII want and why?

  A male heir as he believed women couldn't rule
• Why did people believe that women couldn't lead in battle?

  They were seen as physically, emotionally and mentally weak
• What did the Christian church teach about gender?

  Men should have authority over women?
• Why was it a problem that Elizabeth wasn't married?

  She doesn't have an heir to the throne
• How much debt did Elizabeth have when she came into power from her sister?

  £300,000
• What was the income of England at the beginning of the Elizabethan period?

  around £286,000
• What would raising taxes do for Elizabeth?

  It would sort out debt problems but also cause her to become very unpopular which is bad for a new leader
• What was the alliance that France and Scotland had?

  Auld Alliance
• When did Henry VIII break from the catholic church?

  1530s
• What religion was Elizabeth brought up?

  Protestant
• What is said that Mary (Elizabeth's sister) did to the catholic church?

  Resurrected it
• In the beginning, what were the religions of the Bishops in the house of Lords ?

  Catholic
• Why was it a problem that the Bishops in the House of Lords were Catholic?


  They refused to pass off laws to do with changing their religion or sometimes just in general as they didn't see Elizabeth as legitimate