Bacteria - Gram positive bacilli

• What disease does Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae cause

  Erysipelas - rhomboidal skin lesions, systemic infection and septicaemia

  chronic - endocarditis and arthritis

  
• What plate type does erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae grow on

  Blood agar

  24 - 48 hours

  5-10% CO2
• What type of bacteria caused these growth on the valves and what is the name of the condition

  Vegetative endocarditis

  Erysipelothrix Rhusiopathiae

  
• What name is given to the condition where erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is innoculated into tissues leading to deep infections

  Erysipeloid

  
• What disease does Listeria monocytogenes cause

  Listeriosis

  Septicaemia

  Abortion

  CNS disease
• What are the clinical signs of listeriosis

  CNS signs

  Inability to stand up etc

  
• What plate type does listeria Monocytogenes grow on

  Blood agar

  5-10% CO2

  24-28 hours

  Will grow between 4 and 45 degrees and PH 5-9
• Are all these bacteria acid fast or non acid fast

  Non acid fast
• Where is listeria monocytogenes found

  Environment

  Soil

  Vegetation

  Silage

  Faeces
• What species does listeria monocytogenes affect

  Sheep an cattle
• Is listeria monocytogenes zoonotic

  Yes

  Contaminated meat and dairy can enter the food chain
• What type of people are most likely to have severe signs with listeria monocytogenes

  Pregnant women

  Elderly

  Very young
• What type of haemolysis does Listeria monocytogenes undergo

  Beta

  Complete

  on blood agar
• What is the pathogenicity of Listeria monocytogenes

  Intracellular survival

  It can survive and replicate intracellularly

  It can solubilise the membrane around them so can break out of the phagosome

  Therefore it is free in the host cell and can enter the blood stream - septicaemia
• What is the epidemiology of Listeria e.g. in sheep

  See below

  
• What is Trueperella pyogenes a commensal of

  Nasopharynx of ruminants
• What diseases does trueperella pyogenes cause

  Opportunistic pathogen following injury or infection

  Pyogenic infections e.g. summer mastitis due to fly transmission (unusual)
• What type of haemolysis does Trueperella pyogenes do

  Beta haemolysis
• What plate does trueperella pyogenes grow on

  blood agar

  5-10 % CO2

  48 hours
• What is the pathogenicity factor of trueperella pyogenes 


  Haemolysin

  B haemolysis on agar
• What type of bacteria could cause a thoracic abscess or vertebral abscess 


  Trueperella pyogenes
• How could you identify trueperella pyogenes on a strain

  Clusters of replicating rods which are short - stained purple

  
• What bacteria is actinomyces the opposite of

  Mycobacterium
• What are the 3 main features of actinomyces 


  filamentous

  Branching

  Non acid fast
• What is actinomyces a commensal of

  Oropharynx
• What are the two main species of actinomyces

  A . Bovis

  A . Viscosus
• What issues does actinomyces cause

  Chronic granulomatous suppurative (puss producing) lesions - these contain sulphur granules
• What plate does actinomyces grow on

  Blood agar

  5-10%

  48-96 hours

  bovis - anaerobic

  others - 5-10% co2
• What species of actinomyces causes canine thoracic lesions

  Actinomyces Viscosus
• What signs are associated with canine thoracic lesions caused by actinomyces viscosus

  pussy

  Pleural effusion

  Inappropriate growths - thoracic granulomas

  Granules on the pleural surface

  Classic pussy granules

  
• What actinomyces species causes lumpy jaw

  Actinomyces bovis
• How does actinomyces bovis work

  There is trauma on the inside of the mouth and bacteria penetrates

  This lets other bacteria in to cause infection

  
• How can you spot actinomyces bovis on a stain

  Branching gram positive rods

  Calcium and mineralisation deposits around the bacteria - look like rosettes

  
• What are the 3 main features about the nocardia species

  Partially acid fast

  Branching

  Filamentous
• Which two bacteria species is nocardia in-between

  Actinomyces and Mycobacterium
• What is found in the cell wall of nocardia and why does it mean

  Mycolic acid

  incomplete gram staining as it cannot get into the cell
• Nocardia are environmental saprophytes what does this mean

  Lives on dead or decaying organic matter
• How is nocardia trasmitted

  Inhalation or via wounds
• Nocardia is associated with immunosuppression in what animals 


  Companion animals and horses
• What disease does nocardia cause

  Chronic pyogranulomatous nodular disease