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• Citizenship


  The status of a person recognized under the custom or law as being a legal member of a sovereign state or part of a nation
• Citizen


  A person who is the member of the state and who enjoys social and political rights
• Narrow sense of citizen


  • Resident of a city or one who enjoys the privilege of living in a city
• Broad sense of citizen


  • A person who resides within the territorial limits of the state
• Citizenship


  • The membership of the state
  • The social and political rights
  • Sentiment of devotion to the state
• Aristotle: 'A citizen is he "who has the power to take part in the deliberative or judicial administration of any state"'
• H.J Laski: 'Citizenship "is the contribution of one's instructed judgment to the public good"'
• Alien


  Not privileged to enjoy the political rights of the country but sometimes privileged to enjoy a few of the social rights
• Types of aliens


  • Resident aliens
  • Temporary aliens
  • Ambassadors
• Natural born citizens


  Citizens by virtue of their birth or blood relations
• Naturalized citizens


  Foreigners granted citizenship on fulfilment of conditions
• How citizenship is lost

  • Willingly giving up citizenship
  • Marrying a foreigner
  • Remaining absent for a long period
  • Proving a traitor
  • Joining foreign service without permission
• Qualities of a good citizen

  • Social sentiment
  • Good health and sound physique
  • Sentiment of world citizenship
  • Moderate thinking and self-control
  • Unselfishness and helpful attitude
  • Patriotism and elimination of untouchability
  • Proper use of adult suffrage
• Hindrances to good citizenship

  • Selfishness
  • Favoritism and Nepotism
  • Indifferences
  • Feeling of groupism
  • Idleness
  • Illiteracy
  • Poverty
  • Capitalism
  • Feeling of Untouchability
  • Provincialism, Communalism and aggressive nationalism
• Citizenship by birth (Jus sanguinis)


  Acquires nationality of natural parent/s
• Citizenship by birth (Jus soli)


  Nationality determined by place of birth
• Citizenship by marriage (Jure matrimonii)

  Can apply for citizenship through naturalization without waiting 5 years
• Many citizens do not participate in government by voting or other means
• Some believe citizens have a responsibility to participate in government
• Deciding whether and how much to participate requires considering the purpose of government, importance of rights, and satisfaction with government