Volcanoes

• Volcano


  An opening in the Earth's crust formed when magma rises from inside the Earth and erupts through the Earth's crust
• Hotspots


  An area in the mantle from which heat rises as a thermal plume from deep in the Earth
• Volcano produces

  • Lava
  • Gas
  • Ash
  • Pyroclastic flow
• Volcanic winter


  An event when a volcano erupts produces lots of ash and blocks the sun
• What are the primary effects of a volcanic eruption?

  • Human death
  • Suffocation
  • Damaged buildings
  • Livestock and crop death
• What are the secondary effects to a volcanic eruption?

  • Flooding and tsunamis
  • Soil fertility
  • Lost forests and farmland
  • Volcanic winter
  • Economic damage
  • Mudflow
  • Damaged infrastructure
• What are the immediate responses for a volcanic eruption?

  • Evacuation
  • Aid
  • Warnings and monitoring
  • Temporary infrastructure
• What are the long term responses to a volcanic eruption?

  • Rebuilding infrastructure
  • Relocation
  • Improving the local economy
• Signs of an volcanic eruption

  • Bulges of magma
  • Small earthquakes
  • Gas emissions