Geography

• Greenfield site

  • relatively cheap to develop - p
  • no services such as gas and electric in place - n
  • valuable farmland lost - n
  • wildlife habitats disturbed - n
• Brownfield site

  • Reduces loss of countryside and helps hold on to farmland - p
  • surrounding areas may be run down, not as many people attracted - n
  • helps to rejuvenate old or unused areas - p
• Greenfield site


  all sites which have not been previosuly build on
• Brownfield site


  are often disused or derelict land. The site has already been developed so reduces urban sprawl
• Bradley Stoke advantages

  • access to 3 motorways, giving residents opportunity to easily travel to many parts of the country
  • The building of Bradley Stoke gave businesses the chance to set up somewhere new and earn some money
  • new primary and secondary schools build
• Bradley Stoke disadvantages

  • Build on greenfield land, meaning areas of farmland and woodland had to be destroyed
  • the destroying of woodland and farmland led to a loss in habitats in wildlife
• gentrification definition


  when wealthier people move into an area and change the way it looks, reducing dereliction but increasing cost of living in that area
• Deindustrialisation


  the loss of industry including manufacturing of products
• urban sprawl


  the spread of city buildings and houses into an area that used to be the countryside
• affluent definition


  when people have a great deal of money - wealthy
• Filwood and Stoke Bishop inequality

  • stoke bishop high employment, filwood low employment
  • stoke bishop high life expectancy, filwood low life expectancy
  • Stoke Bishop high quality of life, filwood low quality of life
• factors that affect our climate

  • proximity o the equator
  • altitude
  • ocean currents and winds
• low pressure


  rising warmer air
• high pressure


  sinking cooler air
• ITCZ


  Inter Tropical Convergence Zone
• conditions required for a tropical storm

  • Temperature of above 27 degrees Celsius
  • ocean/sea depth of at least 80 m
  • at least 5 degrees North or South of the equator - wind is the strongest
• tropical storms

  1. the sun sends out solar radiation to Earth which warms our oceans
• tropical storms


  2. this warms the oceans to a critical 27 degrees Celsius
• tropical storms


  3.this causes the warm moist air to rise through the air in thermals. this gives low pressure at the centre of the storm
• tropical storms


  4.the air cools as it rises at 1 degree Celsius per 100m, this causes condensation to occur, clouds form and rain to occur
• tropical storms


  5. some cooled air sinks back down to create the EYE
• Tropical storms


  air rushes from higher pressure areas around the storm to lower pressure at the centre of the storm creating winds
• high pressure - anticyclones

  • air sinks to the surface
  • as the air sinks it warms up so condensation doesn't occur - no rain
  • can occur in both summer and winter - causes heatwaves in the summer
• low pressure - depressions

  • occur when the polar front brings wet and windy weather to the UK
  • the cold air meets the warm air from the tropics
  • at both fronts the air is rising so water cools and creates water droplets in air
• depressions weather

  • strong winds
  • lots of heavy rainfall
  • unstable conditions
• anticyclones weather

  • clear skies
  • low wind speed
  • heat waves
  • stable conditions
• why might extreme weather events increase?

  more energy in the atmosphere could lead to more intense storms. The global atmospheric circulation may be affected, bringing floods and normally dry regions and heatwaves to normally cooler areas
• Hydraulic action is a form of coastal erosion. It happens when the waves break against the cliffs and over long periods of time it makes pieces of the cliff break off. Hydraulic action happens when the waves break against the cliff. Air is trapped between the sea water and the cliff. The wave keeps going and forces the compressed air into cracks in the cliff. Waves continue hitting the cliff and forcing air into cracks in the cliff. Eventually, this begins to enlarge the crack and erode the rock.
• 1 Beach nourishment involves making beaches wider by replacing the sand that has been lost by erosion or longshore drift. 2 This protects the cliffs because there is a wider beach with more sand to absorb wave energy.