gender bias

• Gender bias


  When one gender is either favoured over another gender or one gender is discriminated against e.g. via prejudicial attitudes or behaviour
• Alpha bias


  Researchers over-emphasize differences between males and females
• Beta bias


  Researchers ignore or downplay differences between males and females
• Studies showing gender bias

  • Milgram (1963), Asch (1951, 1955) and Zimbardo (1973) used all-male samples
  • Kohlberg's (1973) theory criticised by Gilligan (1981) for taking a male-focused approach
• The possible consequences of gender bias include prejudice, discrimination and sexism being viewed as normal and acceptable, female researchers receiving less funding, and female behaviour being viewed as 'abnormal'