musculoskeletal system

• What are the 9 joint actions?

  Flexion

  Extension

  Hyperextension

  Abduction

  Adduction

  Horizontal adduction

  Horizontal abduction

  Plantar flexion

  Dorsi flexion
• Whta is flexion?


  Decreasing the angle at a joint
• What is extension?


  Increasing the angle at a joint
• What is hyper extension?

  Increasing the angle at a joint
• What is abduction?


  Movement of limb away from the midline of the body
• What is adduction?


  Movement of limb towards the midline of body
• What is horizontal adduction?

  Moving arm/leg towards the back of the body horizontally
• What is horizontal abduction?

  Moving air/leg towards back of the body horizontally
• What is plantar flexion?


  Pointing/standing up on tip toes
• What is dorsi flexion?

  Pulling toes up to the sky
• What are the 3 planes?

  Sagittal, transverse, frontal
• What are the 3 axis?

  Transverse, longitudinal, sagittal
• Where does a sagittal plane divide?

  Left to right
• Where does a transverse axis go through?

  Side to side
• What joint actions occur at a sagittal plane and transverse axis?

  Flexion

  Extension

  Hyperextension

  Plantar flexion

  Dorsi flexion
• Where does the transverse plane divide?

  Upper and lower

  Horizontal movements
• Where does the longitudinal axis go through?

  Top to bottom
• What joint actions occur at the transverse plane and longitudinal axis?

  Horizontal abduction

  Horizontal adduction
• Where does the frontal plane divide?

  Side to side
• Where does the sagittal axis go through?

  Front to back
• What joint actions occur at the frontal plane and sagittal axis?

  Adduction

  Abduction
• What are the 20 main bones in the body

  Cranium, clavicle, scapula, sternum, humerus, radius, ulna, ribs, vertebrae, pelvis, femur, tibia, fibula, patella, talus, carpals, metacarpals, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges
• What are the two joint types?

  Ball and socket

  Hinge
• What range of motion do ball and socket joints have?

  Good range of motion, through all planes
• What range of motion does hinge joints have

  Goes through 1 planes
• Where are the 5 joints in the body?

  Shoulder, elbow, hip, knee, ankle
• What joint type is the shoulder?

  ball and socket
• What are the articulating bones at the shoulder?

  Humerus, scapula

  Head of humerus/ball fits into the socket of the scapula
• What joint type is the elbow?

  Hinge
• What are the articulating bones at the elbow?

  Humerus, radius ulna
• What joint type is the hip?

  ball and socket
• What are the articulating bones at the hip?

  Pelvis and femur

  Head of femur/ball fits into the socket of pelvis
• What joint type is the knee?

  Hinge
• What are the articulating bones at the knee?

  femur and tibia
• What joint type is the ankle?

  Hinge
• What are the articulating bones at the ankle?

  Talus and, tibia, fibula
• What are the 17 main muscles in the body?

  Anterior deltoid, middle deltoid, pectoralalis major, pectoralis minor, tricep, bicep, latissimus dorsi, gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, gluteals, illiopsoas/hipflexors, adductors, quadriceps, hamstrings, gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior, abdominals
• What do muscles work in?

  Antagonistic pairs
• What are antagonist pairs?

  When one muscle contracts, (agonist,) and the other relaxes, (antagonist)
• What is an agonist muscle?

  Muscle responsible for the movement that is occurring- contracts