pilot studies

• aim of pilot study is a small-scale trial run of actual investigation
• provides a way to identify any potential issues and modify the design to save time and money
• singe-blind procedure

  • when any information that might create expectations are not revealed to ppts until the end of the study to control for confounding effects of demand characteristics
• double-blind procedure

  • when neither, the researcher or participants are aware of the studies aims
• A control group says the purpose of being a comparison to the experimental group