Q.E MAJOR 2

• Mala en se - refers to those that are naturally criminal on the moral ground . ex. Murder
• Mala probihita – crimes pertains to those act that have been criminalized by regulatory purposes
• Mens Rea - refers to criminal intent. The literal translation from Latin is "guilty mind”
• 1987 Philippine Constitution – empowers the Legislative branch of the government or Congress
• Our local legislative bodies– authorized to enact laws that are criminal or penal in nature
• Substantive Criminal law - Defines the elements that are necessary for an act to constitute a crime and therefore punishable
• Procedural Criminal Law – refers to the statute that provides procedures appropriate for the enforcement of the substantive criminal law.
• Presumption of innocence - this means that those who are accused of crimes are considered innocence until proven guilty
• Burden of Proof – in criminal cases means that the government must prove beyond reasonable doubt
• Suspect – during the investigation
• Accused – when he is formally charged with a crime
• Convict – the accused is guilty beyond reasonable doubt
• Acquit – the accused is not guilty
• Respondent – during preliminary investigation
• Criminal – upon undergoing all the process, when the criminal has served the sentence