Biology (Love Matters)

• Reproductive Systems

  Male/Female

  A) Bladder

  B) Sperm Duct

  C) Penis

  D) Urethra

  E) Testis

  F) Scrotum

  G) Prostate Gland

  H) oviduct

  I) Ovary

  J) Uterus

  K) Vagina

  
• Male Gamete


  Sperm cell produced in the testes
• Female Gamete


  Egg cell produced in the ovaries
• First 5 Days

  The first stage of the menstrual cycle, where the uterus lining is shed and bleeding occurs
• Days 11 to 18


  The stage where the mature egg is released from the ovary and travels down the fallopian tube, ready for fertilization
• Days 6 - 10


  The uterus lining begins to repair and thicken, ready to receive a fertilised egg.
• Days 19 - 28


  If the egg is not fertilised within the next few days, the uterus lining is not needed this month and it begins to break down.
• Fertilization


  The fusion of a male sperm and a female egg to form a single zygote (fertilized egg)
• Implantation


  When the zygote attaches itself to the thick, muscular wall of the uterus
• Pregnancy


  The period of about 9 months between implantation and birth during which the fetus grows and develops inside the mother's uterus
• How do condoms prevent pregnancy?

  Condoms prevent pregnancy by acting as a physical barrier that stops sperm from reaching the egg
• How does the pill prevent pregnancy?

  The pill contains hormones that prevent ovulation, meaning there is no egg for sperm to fertilize, effectively preventing pregnancy
• Contraception


  The prevention of pregnancy, either by preventing fertilization or by preventing implantation
• How effective are condoms at preventing pregnancy?

  About 98% effective when used correctly and consistently
• How effective is the pill at preventing pregnancy?

  About 99% effective when taken correctly and consistently
• Advantages of using condoms

  Provides dual protection against unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
• Other disadvantage of the pill

  Interference with efficacy: certain factors can reduce or render the pill's effectiveness
• How does the morning-after pill prevent pregnancy?

  Prevents implantation of already-fertilized egg by inhibiting implantation in the uterus
• How does the IUCD work?

  Releases prostaglandins to block sperm and thin uterine lining, preventing fertilization and implantation
• How effective is the IUCD at preventing pregnancy?

  99.8% effective, with a failure rate of 0.2%
• What is an STI?

  Disease spread by means of sexual intercourse, including vaginal, anal, or oral sex
• What are the symptoms of Chlamydia?

  Pain while urinating, unusual discharge, bleeding after sex (in women), pain and swelling in the testicles (in men)
• What are the main symptoms of Genital Herpes?

  Outbreaks of small blisters in the genital area
• How is Genital Warts (HPV) spread?

  Through skin-to-skin contact
• What are the main symptoms of Genital Herpes?

  Outbreaks of small blisters in the genital area which scab over and then heal
• What are the possible symptoms of Gonorrhoea?

  Discharge, Pain when urinating, Eye infection in rare cases
• What are the long-term effects of HIV/AIDS?

  Immune System Damage, Organ Damage, Neurological Complications, Cancer Risk, Other Complications
• Diagram of Fetus

  Pregnancy

  A) Umbilical Cord

  B) Amnion

  C) Cervix

  D) Placenta