Quiz on Experiments 5-7

• Test for Hydrocarbons


  Baeyer's Test
• Baeyer's Test


  Reagent - Alkaline KMnO4

  Test Compounds

  • Benzene
  • n-Hexane
  • Cyclohexane
  • Gasoline
• Baeyer's Test 


  Benzene

  • Original Color - clear / colorless
  • + Reagent - 2 layers (upper - colorless, lower - dark violet)

  n-Hexane

  • Original Color - clear / colorless
  • + Reagent - 2 layers (upper - clear, lower - dark violet)

  Cyclohexane

  • Original Color - clear
  • + Reagent - 2 layers (upper - clear, lower - dark violet)

  Gasoline

  • + Reagent - 2 layers (upper - yellow, lower - dark violet)
• Tests for Alcohols


  • Chromic Acid Test
  • Lucas Test
  • Iodoform Test
• Chromic Acid Test


  n-Butyl Alcohol

  • Original Color - clear
  • + K2CrO7 - two layers (upper - transluscent, lower - bottom)
  • + H2SO4 - two layers (upper - cloudy yellow, lower - transluscent)
  • Water Bath - two layers (upper - clear, lower - pale blue)
  • Odor - irritating

  sec-Butyl Alcohol

  • Original Color - clear
  • + K2CrO7 - golden yellow
  • + H2SO4 - light yellow
  • Water Bath - pale blue
  • Odor - antiseptic

  tert-Butyl Alcohol

  • Original Color - clear
  • + K2CrO7 - yellow
  • + H2SO4 - golden yellow
  • Water Bath - remained yellow
  • Odor - irritating
• Lucas Test


  Reagent - Lucas Reagent

  n-Butyl Alcohol

  • Time - 3 minutes
  • Original Color - colorless
  • + Reagent - colorless and miscible

  sec-Butyl Alcohol

  • Time - 1 minutes and 20 seconds
  • Original Color - colorless
  • + Reagent - colorless and formed insoluble layers

  tert-Butyl Alcohol

  • Time - 1 minutes and 37 seconds
  • Original Color - colorless
  • + Reagent - colorless and immiscible

  Benzyl Alcohol

  • Time - 3 minutes
  • Original Color - colorless
  • + Reagent -formed insoluble layers (Upper - colorless, lower - cloudy white)
• Iodoform Test


  Ethyl Alcohol

  • Original Color - colorless
  • + Iodine Solution - reddish-brown
  • + NaOH - decolorized
  • After heating - colorless

  Isopropyl Alcohol

  • Original Color - reddish-brown
  • + Iodine Solution - reddish-brown
  • + NaOH - decolorized
  • After heating - cloudy solution

  Methyl Alcohol

  • Original Color - reddish-brown
  • + Iodine Solution - reddish-brown
  • + NaOH - decolorized
  • After heating - pale yellow solution
• Tests for Phenols


  • Reaction with FeCl3
  • Phenolphthalein Formation
  • Millon's Test
• Reaction with FeCl


  Reagent - 1% Ferric chloride

  1% Phenol

  • Original Color - colorless
  • + Reagent - purple

  1% Catechol

  • Original Color - brown
  • + Reagent - dark green

  1% Thymol

  • Original Color - colorless
  • + Reagent - light green

  1% Naphthol

  • Original Color - pale yellow
  • + Reagent - brown
• Phenolphthalein Formation


  5% HCl + Phenolphthalein

  • Original Color - colorless
  • + Phenolphthalein - colorless

  5% NaOH + Phenolphthalein

  • Original Color - colorless
  • + Phenolphthalein - colorless
• Millon's Test


  1% Phenol

  • Reagent - 1% phenol + Millon's Reagent
  • Original color - clear
  • + Millon's Reagent - clear
  • After boiling - light pink

  Albumin

  • Reagent - albumin + Millon's Reagent
  • Original color - clear
  • + Millon's Reagent - cloudy white
  • After boiling - cloudy yellowish
  • Precipitate - light pink
• Tests for Carbonyl Group

  • 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine Test
  • Sodium Bisulfite Test
• Tests for Aldehydes


  • Schiff's Test
  • Fehling's Test
• Tests for Ketones


  • Iodoform Test
  • Sodium Nitroprusside Test
• Test for Carbohydrates 


  • Molisch Test
• 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine Test


  Reagent - 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine

  Acetophenone

  • Orig. Color - clear
  • + Reagent - bright yellow orange
  • No precipitate

  Benzaldehyde

  • Orig. Color - Clear
  • + Reagent - Cloudy Yellow
  • After 15 mins - yellow emulsion

  Formalin

  • Orig. Color - colorless
  • + Reagent - no precipitate
  • After 30 mins - bright yellow

  Acetone

  • Orig. Color - colorless
  • + Reagent - no precipitate and yellow gold solution
• Sodium bisulfite Test


  Reagent - 40% NaHSO3 in ethanol reagent

  Acetaldehyde

  • Orig. Color - cloudy white
  • + Acetaldehyde - white precipitate

  Acetone

  • Orig. Color - cloudy white
  • + Acetone - White precipitate
• Schiff's Test


  Reagent - Schiff's Reagent

  Formalin

  • Orig. Color - colorless
  • + Formalin - dark purple

  Acetone

  • Orig. Color - colorless
  • + Acetone - colorless

  Benzaldehyde

  • Orig. Color - colorless
  • + Benzaldehyde - 2 layers (pale pink, insoluble)

  Acetophenone

  • Orig. Color - colorless
  • + Acetophenone - 2 layers (upper - colorless, lower - pale pink, insoluble)
• Fehling's Test


  Reagent - Fehling's A and B

  Formalin

  • Orig. Color - Colorless
  • + Reagent - blue
  • After heating - Brown precipitate

  5% Glucose

  • Orig. Color - Colorless
  • + Reagent - blue
  • After heating - orange precipitate

  Benzaldehyde

  • Orig. Color - colorless
  • + Reagent - blue
  • After heating - red precipitate, no change in color

  Acetone

  • Orig. Color - colorless
  • + Reagent - blue
  • After heating - no change at all
• Sodium Nitroprusside Test


  Acetone

  • Orig. Color - clear
  • + NaOH - clear
  • + Sodium nitroprusside - orange
  • + acetic acid - violet

  Ethyl methyl Ketone

  • Orig. Color - clear
  • + NaOH - orange
  • + Sodium nitroprusside - orange
  • + acetic acid - orange
• Iodoform Test


  Reagent - K1 Solution , NaOH

  Acetone

  • Orig. Color - Amber
  • + 10% NaOH - Milky white with Antiseptic odor
  • After heating - colorless, pale yellow

  Ethyl methyl Ketone

  • Orig. Color - Reddish-brown
  • + 10% NaOH - reddish-brown
  • After heating - cloudy white
  • Yellow precipitate

  Ethyl Acetate
• Molisch Test


  Reagent - Molisch Reagent

  5% Glucose

  • Orig. Color -clear
  • + Reagent - clear
  • + H2SO4 - 2 layers
  • Upper - clear
  • Lower - purple ring at interface

  5% Starch

  • Orig. Color - cloudy white
  • + Reagent - cloudy
  • + H2SO4 - 2 layers
  • Upper - cloudy
  • Lower - purple
  • Ring - cloudy pale purple

  Benzaldehyde

  • Orig. Color - clear
  • + Reagent - clear
  • + H2SO4 - 2 layers
  • Upper - yellowish
  • Lower - orange
  • Ring - dark violet
• Reaction with Neutral Ferric Chloride

  Reagent - Sodium Carbonate, Ferric chloride solution

  Acetic Acid

  • Orig. Color - clear
  • + Sodium carbonate - clear
  • + 2 solutions - orange precipitate

  Tartaric Acid

  • Orig. Color - clear
  • + Sodium carbonate - clear
  • + FeCl3 - yellow precipitate
• Esterification


  Reagent - n-propyl alcohol, concentrated H2SO4

  Acetic Acid

  • Orig. Color - clear
  • + n-propyl alcohol - clear
  • + conc. H2SO4 - clear
  • Time - 5 mins
  • Odor - fruity (overriped dalandan)

  Stearic Acid

  • Orig. Color - cloudy white w/ precipitate
  • + n-propyl alcohol - cloudy white w/ precipitate
  • + conc. H2SO4 - cloudy white w/ precipitate
  • Time - 5 mins
  • Odor - sweet
• Hydroxamix Test for Esters

  Reagent - Ethyl acetate, Ethyl Alcohol, HCl, 5% FeCl3

  Preliminary Test Ethyl Acetate

  • Orig. Color - clear
  • + 95% Ethyl Alcohol - clear
  • + 1.0 N HCl - clear
  • + 5% FeCl3 - yellow (positive result for Ester)

  Final Test Ethyl Acetate

  • Orig. Color - clear
  • + 95% Ethyl Alcohol - clear
  • + 1.0 N HCl - clear
  • + 5% FeCl3 - magenta