KQ1 causes of crime

• 16th/17th century growing population


  harder to find work + pressure on food supplies
• 16th/17th unemployment


  cloth industry suffers

  Henry VII disbanded private armies - war of roses

  nobles lose wealth so employ less people
• tenant farmers


  rent increased - rent-racking

  bad harvests 1556, 1596, 1597

  rural de-population
• inflation


  rising food prices
• dissolution of the monasteries

  1536-1540

  Henry VIII

  unemployment rose

  remove help monasteries provided
• vagrants + enclosure


  people left home in search of work

  opposition to enclosure - kett's rebellion 1549
• religion


  increase heresy + treason

  Mary tudor - 250 heretics burned at the stake inc archbishop cranmer
• act of supremacy


  1534

  Henry VIII head of church - act of succession made opposing this punishable by death
• welsh example 16th/17th


  Rawlins white - CDF fisherman burned in 1555 - refuse to give up protestant faith
• growing population 18th/19th

  merthyr + manchester

  urban = overcrowded + diseases

  back-to-back houses with open sewers

  rookeries - children, easy to get away with

  cheap alcohol
• unemployment


  industrial accidents + low life expectancy

  many orphans turn to crime
• politics

  workers had no rights and no legal means to change

  newport rising 1838
• poverty


  rural - long hours, low wages

  technology/machines - jobs lost

  swing riots 1830-31
• welsh example 18th/19th


  merthyr rising 1831

  Rebecca riots 1839-43 against rural poverty, toll gates, rising rent
• car crime 20th


  speeding, drunk driving, getaway cars

  now >1m car crimes per year

  mass produced in 1920s

  end of 20th century 25m cars on British roads
• computer crime


  hacking, fraud, attacks on SM, cyberbullying
• violent crime

  gun crime increased by 90% between 1999-2009

  2008 - 277 deaths by stabbing

  football hooliganism - alcohol/brawls
• welsh example 20th


  1911 strikes by railwaymen in llanelli ended in riots
• London population growth 18th century


  650,000 in 1750 -> 2.3M in 1851