SW113: SW Practice with Individuals and Families

• A primary method of social work concerned with the adjustment and development of the individual towards more satisfying human relations (Thomas, 2010).

  Social Casework
• is a process used by certain human welfare agencies to help individuals to cope more effectively with their problems in social functioning; is a complex, dynamic, and evolving phenomenon.

  Social Casework
• COMPONENTS OF CASEWORK 


  1. person
  2. problem
  3. place
  4. process
• Client’s Capacities to Use Casework

  1. Client’s Motivation
  2. Client’s Capacity
• Refers to a social-functioning situation in which need fulfillment of any involved persons or systems is blocked or has a significant potential of blockage, and in which the person involved cannot by themselves remove the block to need fulfillment.

  Problem
• Is a social service agency/ department or another kind

  of human welfare agency, in which a person comes for

  help with his or her problem

  Place
• is a special subset of an action system that includes the

  practitioners and formal service systems involved in

  work on the target problems (Compton & Galaway, 2005).

  agency system
• It refers to the recurrent patterning of a sequence of change over time and in a particular direction (Sal Hofstein); Progressive transaction between the professional helper and the client, consisting of a series of problem-solving operations carried out within a meaningful relationship.

  Process
• Attributes of Casework Relationship (HH Perlman)

  1. Warmth
  2. Empathy
  3. Authority
  4. Genuineness
  5. Transference and counter transference
• Positive, lively, outgoing, or energetic interest in the client; Manifested through a spontaneous reaching out to take in another with gladness and compassion

  Warmth
• Feeling “with and into”; Listening with the third ear and responding in tune to the other person

  Empathy
• The caseworkers rely on their moment-to-moment felt

  experiences in the relationship with the client. To be ____ is to be free from pretentious

  Genuineness
• ‘Ableness’ or ‘Competence’ --- to be used for the client

  and not over or against the client.

  Authority
• the degree of emotional satisfaction that the client gets from a relationship is far beyond the realistic limits of the caseworker-client relationship.

  Transference
• unprofessional emotional investment of the worker towards the client.

  Countertransference
• a primary tool in the helping relationship

  SELF
• A critical factor in the social worker’s presentation of

  self is

  SELF-AWARENESS
• The use of ‘self’ involves

  • Commitment
  • Obligation
• Professional service which makes use of scientific knowledge and skills as bases for engaging people in problem-solving, whether individually, in groups or as a community.

  SOCIAL WORK
• SOCIAL FUNCTIONING PROBLEMS ARE CAUSED

  BY:

  • Personal
  • Situational
  • Both personal and situational
• THIS SW LEVEL OF PRACTICE IS THE EFFORT TO HELP CLIENTS BY

  INTERVENING IN LARGE SYSTEMS

  MACRO
• THIS SW LEVEL OF PRACTICE DEALS WITH SMALL-TO-MEDIUM SIZED GROUPS

  MEZZO
• THIS SW LEVEL OF PRACTICE ENGAGES WITH INDIVIDUALS TO SOLVE PROBLEMS

  MICRO
• FOUNDATION OF GENERALIST SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE

  • KNOWLEDGE
  • SKILLS
  • VALUES
• SYSTEM LINKAGE ROLES


  • Broker
  • Mediator
  • Coordinator
  • Case manager
• PRINCIPLES IN CASEWORK


  • ACCEPTANCE
  • INDIVIDUALIZATION
  • PURPOSEFUL EXPRESSION OF FEELINGS
  • CONTROLLED EMOTIONAL INVOLVEMENT
  • SELF-DETERMINATION
  • NON-JUDGMENTAL ATTITUDE
  • CONFIDENTIALITY
• principles in casework where caseworker accepts the clients as they are; in their reality; as people of worth and dignity; with strengths and limitations

  ACCEPTANCE
• a principle in casework where it says clients are unique in their own way; no two individuals are alike in traits and qualities, hence caseworker treats them as a separate entity; differential use of principles and methods in assisting each to achieve better adjustments

  INDIVIDUALIZATION
• a principle in casework where it recognizes the client’s need to express the negative feelings; caseworker listens purposefully neither discouraging nor condemning the expression of these feelings, sometimes even actively stimulating and encouraging them (Biestek, 1957)

  PURPOSEFUL EXPRESSION OF FEELINGS
• a principle in casework; caseworker’s sensitivity to client’s feelings and understanding of their meaning and a purposeful, appropriate response to the client’s feelings; does not over identify with client’s situation


  CONTROLLED EMOTIONAL INVOLVEMENT
• a principle in casework; practical recognition of the right and need of clients to freedom in making their own choices and decisions in the casework process; considers the client’s capacity for positive and constructive decision-making

  SELF-DETERMINATION
• a principle in casework based on a conviction that the casework function excludes assigning guilt or innocence or degree of client responsibility for causations of the problem or needs; include evaluating judgements about the attitudes, standards or actions of clients; (Biestek, 1957)

  NON-JUDGMENTAL ATTITUDE
• a principle in casework; preservation of secret information concerning the client which is disclosed in the professional relationship

  CONFIDENTIALITY
• The subject of moral duty; broadly, it concerns the science of ideal human character and deals with moral principles, quality or practice; It connotes self-righteousness.

  ETHICS
• the rules of conduct for a particular class or profession, e.g., Code of Ethics for Professional Social Workers


  CODE OF ETHICS
• CARDINAL VALUES OF SOCIAL WORK

  • SERVICE
  • SOCIAL JUSTICE
  • COMPETENCE
  • INTEGRITY
  • HUMAN DIGNITY & WORTH
  • IMPORTANCE OF HUMAN RELATIONSHIPS
• Ethical Issues & Concerns

  • Dual Relationship
  • Boundaries
  • Value Conflicts
  • Gifts from People you Serve
  • Sexual or Romantic Relationship
• Phases of Social Case Work Progress (Mary Richmond, 1917)


  • Social Investigation/Psychosocial Study
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
• Phases of Social Case Work Progress (PH version)

  1. ENGAGEMENT & STUDY
  2. ASSESSMENT
  3. PLANNING
  4. PLAN IMPLEMENTATION
  5. MONITORING & EVALUATION
  6. TERMINATION
• which the worker gains his first understanding of the kind of help his/her clients need

  psycho-social process