Respiratory system

• Purpose of the respiratory system

  Supplies body cells with O2 and remove CO2
• Mouth & nose


  Oxygenated air into his body through mouth and nose where it is warmed
• Trachea (windpipe)


  a tube that enters the chest and allows air to flow from mouth to bronchi to lungs; kept open by cartilage rings; when germs enter the trachea when inhaling the mucus lining traps these particles and Celia worked together to move them out of the body;
• Bronchi


  Trachea splits into 2 air-tubes that connect to each lung.

  Further divide into smaller tubes that connect with the alveoli of the lungs
• Lungs

  Main organs of the respiratory system.

  Lungs are surrounded by small capillaries where gaseous exchange takes place
• Diaphragm


  Dome shaped muscle below lungs, main muscle that enables you to breathe.

  Contracts- moves downwards and lungs fill with air.

  Relaxes- moves upward forcing air out of lungs.
• Processes in the respiratory system

  1. Breathing
  2. gaseous exchange
  3. Cellular respiration
• Breathing


  taking O2 into body and push CO2 out of body

  phases of breathing: exhalation, inhalation
• Gaseous exchange


  Happens by diffusion.

  takes place in:

  Alveoli- O2 diffuses into blood from lungs, CO2 diffuses from blood back to lungs

  body tissues- O2 diffuses from blood into cells, CO2 diffuses from cells into blood
• Cellular respiration


  Occurs in the mitochondria of cells to release chemical energy into food
• Health issues

  1. Asthma
  2. Lung cancer
  3. Bronchitis
  4. pneumonia
  5. tuberculosis
• Asthma


  Caused by allergies that inflame and narrow airways
• Lung cancer


  Results from smoking or severe air pollution
• Bronchitis


  Swelling of lining of bronchi due to infection, causing coughing and difficulty for air to get into lungs
• Pneumonia


  Infection in lungs with alveoli fills with fluid
• Tuberculosis


  Infectious disease caused by mycobacterium