Ecosystems

• organism 


  one individual organism within a population
• population 


  a group of the same organism in the same area at a particular time
• community 


  multiple populations of animals living together
• ecosystem 


  complex level or organism made up of biotic and abiotic parts
• tolerance range


  how much each species can tolerate a specific abiotic factor
• producer


  autotroph
• consumer


  heterotroph
• autotroph 


  can produce their own food from the sun
• heterotroph 


  can't produce own food, but need food for energy
• decomposer


  break down living matter
• organism - population - community - ecosystem - biosphere
• predation (predator, prey)


  detrimental relationship in with one organsism kills and eats the other\
• parasitism 


  1 organism benefits to the cost of the other
• mutualism


  relationship where both organisms benefits
• commensalism 


  relationship where one organism benefits and the other stays the same
• competition 


  relationship in which 2 organisms compete for the same limited resource
• population growth 


  the rate at which a population grows

  growth = (birth + immigration) - (deaths + emigration)
• symbiosis 


  long term relationship between 2 organisms with at least one organism benefiting
• light is captured by producers and turned into chemical energy through photosynthesis
• cellular respiration (ATP)


  process in which organisms convert energy into a form their cells can use
• tropical level


  each level within a food chain
• approximately 10% of energy is passed from 1 tropical level, the other 90% is transferred to the environment
• tropic level names


  auto trough - primary consumer - secondary consumer - tertiary consumer - quaternary consumer
• what is the primary consumer


  herbivore