Biology revision

• Aerobic respiration

  Process that occurs within the mitochondria of a cell
• What’s the word equation for aerobic respiration?

  Glucose + Oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water
• What’s the SYMBOL equation for aerobic respiration?

  C6 H12 06 + 602 -> 6C02 + 6H20
• What’s the difference between respiration and breathing?

  Respiration occurs in cells to release energy, breathing is a physical process with air.
• What changes take place in the body when you exercise?

  Heart beat increases, breathing quickens, etc.
• Why does your breathing rate change when you exercise?

  Because your body uses more oxygen and produces more carbon dioxide.
• Where does anaerobic respiration occur? 


  In the cytoplasm.
• What’s the anaerobic word equation for animals?

  Glucose -> lactic acid.
• what’s the anaerobic word equation for plants?

  Glucose -> ethanol + carbon dioxide.
• What is Emphysema?

  A disease caused by smoking. It causes the alveolar to break down, which reduces the surface area and the amount of 02 that can diffuse into the blood.
• What is Gas exchange?

  The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between a living thing and its environment.
• What is diffusion?

  When molecules travel from a more concentrated area to a less concentrated area
• How have alveoli adapted for gas exchange?

  They have thin walls (only a layer of cells) in order to minimise diffusion distance.
• What is variation?

  Variation means features that look different.
• Is DNA the cause of variation between organisms?

  Yes
• What is continuous?

  Height, hand span, etc
• What is natural selection?

  Its where creatures with beneficial features are more likely to survive and reproduce.
• What are mutations?

  New forms of genes resulting from changes in existing genes.
• What is selective breeding?

  It’s choosing parent organisms with certain characteristics and mating them to try and produce offspring with the same characteristics.
• What are the five vertebrate groups?

  Mammal, reptile, fish, bird and amphibian.
• What does the root do?

  Absorbs water from soil.
• What does the stem do?

  Holds the leaf and flower in place.
• What does the leaf do?

  It carries out photosynthesis.
• what does the flower do?

  it holds the reproductive organs
• What’s the word equation for photosynthesis?

  Carbon dioxide + water -> glucose + oxygen
• Explain how food webs are made up of a number of food chains.

  They are all connected in one way or another.
• What does producer mean?

  Organisms that make their own food
• What does consumer mean?

  Eats other plants/ animals to get food and energy
• What does interdependence mean?

  Organisms that depend On each other for survival.
• what is DNA?

  DNA is a molecule that contains all of the instructions needed to build an organism.
• What is discontinuous variation?

  These include the names of groups, e.g eye colour.
• What is continuous variation?

  These have any value, e.g height or hand span.
• What does inherited mean?

  You are born with it- from your mum + dad.
• What does environmental mean?

  It means that you did it to yourself- like a scar or tattoo.
• What is extinction?

  The permanent loss of all the members of a species from the face of the earth.
• What are the 5 kingdoms?

  Animals, Plants, Fungi, Bacteria, Protists.
• What do you need energy for?

  Keeping warm, moving, respiration and growth.
• Define aerobic respiration

  Using oxygen to break down glucose and to produce energy.
• Define anaerobic respiration

  Respiration in the absence of oxygen.
• Remember.

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