Ethics

• Absolutism


  Is The view that certain actions are inherently good or bad
• Altruism


  Selfless actions done without thought or expectation of a reaard
• Artificial intelligence (AI)


  Is Computer systems that are able to carry out tasks normally done by humans
• The banal of evil

  Is A phrase used by Hannah Arendt to describe how evil can result from ordinary, thoughtless behaviour
• Dualism 


  The belief that humans have both a body and another separate, immaterial part, such as a mind or soul
• ethics 


  The philosophical study of right and wrong
• Hedonic calculus 


  Hedonic Calculus is Jeremy Bentham's way of calculating which actions are right and wrong
• Holocaust 


  Is The killing of 6 million Jews by the Nazis in Germany between 1933 and 1945
• Materialism 


  The belief  that the only thing that exists is physical matter and the movement of this matter
• Morality 


  Ideas of principles about what is right and wrong
• Relativism

  Is The view that whether an action is good or bad depends on the situation
• Speciesism 


  A term  popularised by Peter Singer to describe prejudice or discrimination towards animals
• Thought experiment 


  Is A mental test in which people think through consequences of different actions, often in scenarios that can't be tested out in real life
• Turing test 


  A test created by Alan Turing to try and show if a computer can think
• Utilitarianism


  The theory that the best action in any situation is the one which creates the greatest amount of good for the greatest number of people
• The will to power


  A term used by Nietzsche to describe a natural human desire for strength and power