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Ethics
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Darcey Johnson
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P&T > Ethics
9 cards
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Absolutism
Is The view that certain actions are
inherently good
or
bad
Altruism
Selfless
actions done
without
thought or expectation of a reaard
Artificial
intelligence (AI)
Is Computer systems that are able to carry out
tasks normally
done by humans
The banal of evil
Is A phrase used by Hannah Arendt to describe how evil can result from
ordinary
,
thoughtless
behaviour
Dualism
The belief that humans have both a
body
and another separate, immaterial part, such as a mind or
soul
ethics
The
philosophical
study of
right
and wrong
Hedonic
calculus
Hedonic Calculus
is Jeremy Bentham's way of
calculating
which actions are right and wrong
Holocaust
Is The killing of 6 million Jews by the
Nazis
in
Germany
between 1933 and 1945
Materialism
The belief that the only thing that exists is
physical
matter and the
movement
of this matter
Morality
Ideas of
principles
about what is
right
and wrong
Relativism
Is The
view
that whether an action is good or bad depends on the situation
Speciesism
A term popularised by Peter Singer to describe prejudice or
discrimination
towards animals
Thought experiment
Is A mental test in which people think through
consequences
of different actions, often in scenarios that can't be tested out in
real life
Turing
test
A test created by
Alan
Turing
to try and show if a
computer
can
think
Utilitarianism
The theory that the best
action
in any situation is the one which creates the greatest amount of good for the
greatest number
of people
The will to
power
A term used by Nietzsche to describe a natural human desire for
strength
and
power
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