Couples

• BOTT 


  Joint (couples share tasks and leisure time together) and Segregated roles (separate roles and leisure time)
• PARSONS


  Instrumental + Expressive roles
• YOUNG AND WILLMOTT


  Symmetrical family
• OAKLEY


  Rejects 'march of progress'

  Only 15% of husbands had a high participation in housework

  Only 25% of husbands had a high participation in childcare
• DUNCOME AND MARSDEN


  Triple shift - housework, paid work and emotional work
• Cultural explanation 


  Women do more domestic work because it is what society expects
• GERSHUNY


  People with parents with more equal relationships had a more equal relationship - the importance of role models
• Homosexual Couples


  More equal because no 'gender scripts'
• Material Explanation 


  Women earn less .: have more time
• KAN


  For every £10,000 a women earns they do 2hrs less househowrk
• Money Management 


  Pooling - joint income + joint responsibility for expenditure

  Allowance - men give wives allowance
• GERSHUNY 


  By 1995, 70% of couples said they had an equal say in decision
• SMART


  Gay and Lesbian couples attached no meaning to money because no historical gender scripts
• Domestic Violence


  Underreported - on avg. women suffer 35 assults before reporting

  Poorly Recorded

  Minimal Sate intervention - Private life

  Free agents - free to leave
• Avg conviction rate of domestic abuse

  6.5% of all incidents reported
• ANSLEY


  Women are 'takers of shit'
• Dobash and Dobash


  Domestic violence = product of patriarchy