Natural science

• Cell


  The basic unit of all living organisms, carries out similar functions whether in a human, dog or protea plant
• Cells have similar structure
• Anything that can only be seen using a microscope is called microscopic
• Typical cell


  • Cell membrane
  • Cytoplasm
  • Nucleus
  • Organelles
• Cell membrane


  Forms the outer boundary of the cell, selectively permeable
• Cytoplasm


  Jelly-like substance that provides a liquid medium for chemical reactions
• Nucleus


  Contains DNA, determines inherited characteristics
• Organelles


  • Mitochondria
  • Vacuoles
  • Chloroplasts
• Mitochondria


  Where respiration takes place
• Vacuoles


  Fluid-filled sacs used to store substances
• Chloroplasts


  Where photosynthesis takes place, found only in plant cells
• Plant cells differ from animal cells in three main ways: cell wall, chloroplasts, and larger vacuoles
• Cell wall


  Surrounds the cell membrane, made of cellulose, provides support and protection
• Chlorophyll


  Green pigment in chloroplasts that absorbs light energy
• Photosynthesis


  Process by which plants use chlorophyll to convert radiant energy into sugars
• Parts of a plant cell

  • Cytoplasm
  • Chloroplast
  • Mitochondrion
  • Vacuole
  • Nucleus
  • Cell membrane
  • Cell wall
• Parts of an animal cell

  • Cytoplasm
  • Mitochondrion
  • Vacuole
  • Nucleus
  • Cell membrane
• Cell components


  • Cell wall
  • Cell membrane
  • Nucleus
  • Mitochondrion
  • Vacuole
  • Cytoplasm