Behavioural

• Behaviourists believe that all behaviour is learnt and we are born as blank slates
• classical conditioning - learning through association.

  a neutral stimulus is constantly paired with an unconditioned stimulus until it forms a conditioned response. the unconditioned stimulus is now the conditioned stimulus.
• extinction - when a behaviour isn’t fully established and ’dies out’ without the stimulus
• operant conditioning - learning through reinforcement. the consequence of the behaviour determines how likely we are to repeat it
• skinner - put a rat in a box with a lever which produced food when touched. the rats eventually learned to touch the lever when they were hungry (positive reinforcement). he also investigated negative reinforcement by giving the rats a shock when they touched the lever, which discouraged the behaviour
• social learning theory - learning through observation
• bandura - children separately observed aggressive behaviour towards bobo dolls from models (varying in age, gender, aggression types etc.). he found that the more closely the child identified with their model, the more likely they were to imitate the behaviour.
• imitation - copying and acting out behaviours we observe
• Behavioural approach AO3 -

  :( biologically reductionistic

  :( ignores other factors

  :( lacks mundane realism

  :) high internal validity

  :) supporting research

  :) led to treatments - systematic desensitisation for phobias