weather and tectonic hazards

• the earthquake in Japan happened in 2011. it was caused by sudden slippage at the margin between the North American and pacific plates. a tsunami followed with waves up to 10m high
• PRIMARY IMPACTS OF JAPAN EARTHQUAKE

  • Violent ground shaking
  • injuries
  • thousands of homes destroyed
  • 4 million + in NE Japan without electricity
  • Burst dam in fukushima
• SECONDARY EFFECTS OF JAPAN EARTHQUAKE

  • 10m high tsunami waves caused 18000 deaths and 500000 homeless.
  • 560km squared of coastal land inundated
  • Cost £235 billion total
  • Infrastructure destroyed, thousands without electricity
• IMMEDIATE RESPONSES FOR JAPAN EARTHQUAKE

  • Search and rescue teams
  • 500000 people evacuated to higher ground prior to tsunami
  • emergency shelter, food and water
• LONG TERM RESPONSES OFR JAPAN EARTHQUAKE:

  • by early 2015, most debris had been cleared.
  • By 2020, nearly 30000 units of public housing completeed
  • Industrial production, farmland, seafood processing plants rebuilt
  • 2013 - tsunami warning system
  • sea walls up to 125m high built and embankments
• The nepalearthquake was on 25th April 2015. It was just 15km below the surface so severe shaking , landslides, and avalanches.
• PRIMARY EFFECTS FO NEPAL EARTHQUake:

  • 9000 dead, 20000 injured
  • 3 million homeless
  • 7000 schools destroyed
  • 50% of shops destroyed
• SECONDARY EFFECTS OF THE NEPAL EARTHQUAKE:

  • Avalanches on mt Everest killed at least 19 people
  • Landslide blocked kali gandaki river, close to capital (KATHMANDU)
  • many evacuated
• IMMEDIATE RESPONSES TO NEPAL EARTHQUAKE:

  • International search and rescue teams rescued 16 survivors
  • Emergency food kits provided for 8000 people
  • helicopter rescues
  • field hospitals from organisations e.g. red cross
• LONG TERM RESPONSES TO NEPAL EARTHQUAKE:

  • by 2015, most access roads cleared
  • Nepal Earthquake Housing Reconstruction Project from the IDA provides grants to help people rebuild their homes with disaster-resistant techniques
  • UNESCO aims to restore 700 damaged temples, palaces and museums