lesson 2

• Claudius Ptolemy


  Famous Greek philosopher and astronomer who stated that the planets, the sun and the moon moved in a circular motion around the earth
• Geocentrism/Geocentric Model


  A superseded description of the Universe with Earth at the center
• Nicholas Copernicus


  Revolutionary astronomer who developed a model of a Sun-centered universe and explained the daily and yearly motion of the sun and stars
• Heliocentrism/Heliocentric Model


  The center of the solar system is not the Earth but actually the sun, started the birth of modern astronomy
• Charles Darwin


  English naturalist, biologist and geologist who believes that all life is related and has descended from a common ancestor, published the book "On the Origin of Species"

  He believes that complex creatures evolve from more simplistic ancestors naturally over time.

  Theory of Evolution
• Theory of Evolution


  Populations pass through a process of natural selection in which only the fittest would survive, organisms have the ability to adapt to their environment and would gradually change into something that would be more competitive to survive
• Sigmund Freud


  Founding father of psychoanalysis, a method for treating mental illness and a theory which explains human behavior
• Freud's Theory


  Emphasized the influence of the unconscious mind on behavior, believed the human mind was composed of three conflicting elements: the id, the ego, and the superego
• A.   COPERNICAN REVOLUTION

  • Claudius Ptolemy 
  • Geocentrism/ Geocentric Model
  • Nicholas Copernicus
  • Heliocentrism/ Heliocentric Model
• DARWINIAN REVOLUTION

  • Charles Darwin 
  • Theory of Evolution 
• A.   FREUDIAN REVOLUTION

  • Sigmund Freud
  • Freud’s Theory
• INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTION?

  •       It refers to Greek speculation about the "nature" in the period before Socrates (roughly 600 to 400 BCE).

  •       "Pre Socratic" or "non-theological" or "first philosophy". more on physics and logic. 

  Showed how society was transformed by science and technology
• The Intellectual revolution pertains to the period of paradigm shifts or changes in the scientific beliefs that have been widely embraced and accepted by the people
• Paradigm means ideas, pagbabago
• Intellectual revolution

  Three characteristics of this philosophy:

  1. The world is a natural whole
  2. There is natural order
  3. Humans can “discover” those law
• FreCoD

  means Sigmund Freud, Nicholas Copernicus, Charles Darwin
• Nicholaus Copernicus (1473-1543)

  Heliocentrism/ Heliocentric Model
• Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)

  “Theory of Personality and Psychoanalysis”
• Charles Darwin (1809-1882)

  “Theory of Evolution”