Environmental Chemistry 1

• Organic


  Compounds that contain carbon-hydrogen bonds
• Inorganic


  Substances that don't contain carbon-hydrogen bonds
• Organic molecules


  • Carbohydrates
  • Proteins
  • Lipids
  • Nucleic Acids
• Carbohydrates


  Function to provide energy for body
• Proteins


  Building and repairing tissues
• Lipids


  Storing energy
• Nucleic Acids


  Heredity & Cellular activity
• Macronutrients


  Large scale nutrients
• Micronutrients


  Small scale nutrients
• Minerals required by the human body

  • Nitrogen
  • Phosphorus
  • Potassium
  • Calcium
• Acids


  Have a pH below 7, contain hydrogen ions, taste sour
• Bases


  Have a pH above 7, contain hydroxide ions, taste bitter
• Neutralization reaction


  Always creates some water and salt
• Methods of testing pH

  • Litmus paper
  • pH paper or universal indicator
• Acid precipitation (acid rain) occurs when sulfates and nitrates combine with moisture in the air to produce acids with low pH
• Osmosis


  Passive transport, deals with water moving from high to low concentration
• Active transport


  Requires energy, moves nutrients from low to high concentration