ENGLISH

• Verb


  Describes an action or occurrence
• Verb

  A word that expresses an action or state of being and helps make a sentence
• Five Forms of Verb

  • Base Form
  • S-Form
  • Present Participle (-ing form)
  • Past Tense
  • Past Participle
• Voices of Verbs


  • Tells whether the subject of the sentence is the doer or receiver of the action
• Kinds of Voices

  • Active Voice
  • Passive Voice
• Active Voice


  A sentence where the subject performs the action stated by the verb (clear subject + verb + object construct)
• Passive Voice


  The subject is acted upon by the verb
• Transitive Verb


  Expresses an action with a direct object or receiver of action
• Intransitive Verb


  Expresses an action but does not have a direct object that receives the action
• Linking Verb


  Connects the subject with a word that gives info about the subject such as condition or relationship
• Auxiliary Verbs


  Also known as helping verbs, is used with a main verb to form a verb phrase or to form a negative or question
• Modal Verbs


  Special auxiliary verbs that express abilities, possibilities, permissions or obligations
• Must


  Strong obligation, logical conclusion/ certainty
• Can


  Ability, permission, possibility
• Could


  Ability in the past, polite permission, possibility
• Should/ ought to


  50% obligation, advice, logical conclusion
• May


  Permission, possibility, probability
• Might


  Polite permission, possibility, probability
• Need not


  Lack of necessities/ absence of obligation
• Moods of Verbs

  • Indicative Mood
  • Subjunctive Mood
  • Imperative Mood
• Indicative Mood


  Expresses a fact, a truth, or an opinion
• Subjunctive Mood


  Expresses something that is not a fact, a truth, or an opinion. Used to express a wish, desire, demand, or a contrary-to-fact situation
• Imperative Mood


  Expresses either a command or a request
• Perfect Tenses

  • Present Perfect Tense
  • Past Perfect Tense
  • Future Perfect Tense
• Present Perfect Tense


  Expresses a condition that existed in the past up to the present moment. Action that has/not occurred in the past, and which may/not occur in the future, or recentness of action or condition. Act was completed before the moment of speaking
• Past Perfect Tense


  Action that occurred in the past before some other action that happened in the past (had + past participle both for singular and plural objects)
• Future Perfect Tense


  Action or condition that will have been completed by sometime in the future (shall have + past participle)
• Perfect Progressive Tenses


  • Present Perfect Progressive Form
  • Past Perfect Progressive Form
  • Future Perfect Progressive Form
• Present Perfect Progressive Form


  Action that began in the past, continues in the present and may continue in the future
• Past Perfect Progressive Form


  Past, on-going action that was completed before other past action
• Future Perfect Progressive Form


  Future, on-going action that will occur before some specified future time
• Simple Tenses


  • Past Tense
  • Present Tense
  • Future Tense
• Past Tense


  Action that was completed in the past
• Present Tense


  Express unchanging, repeated, or recurring action or situation that exist only now and widespread truth
• Future Tense


  An action that will take place, or particular condition will exist in the future
• Progressive Tenses


  • Past Progressive Form
  • Present Progressive Form
  • Future Progressive Form
• Past Progressive Form


  Continuing past action when another action took place
• Present Progressive Form


  On-going action that is happening in the present or continuing action
• Future Progressive Form


  Activities that will be in progress in the future
• Kinds of Verbs

  • Transitive Verbs
  • Intransitive verbs
  • Linking Verbs
  • Auxiliary Verb