Color and Appearance

• Colorless and Turbid: Normal color of amniotic fluid and caused by cellular debris
• Yellow: color of amniotic fluid with presence of bilirubin
• Dark green: color of amniotic fluid with presence of MECONIUM (newborn's 1st bowel movement)
• Dark red brown: color of amniotic fluid with fetal death
• Blood-streaked: color of amniotic fluid subjected to traumatic tap, abdominal trauma, and hemorrhage
• If the amniotic fluid is blood-streaked, what test is performed to determine the source of blood?

  Kleihauer-Betke test
• Kleihauer-Betke test detects what?

  fetal hemoglobin
• Kleihauer-Betke test uses what?

  acetic acid
• Fetal hemoglobin: resistant to acid
• Adult hemoglobin: denatured by acid
• Which cells take up the stain and appear red and refractive when acetic acid is added?

  fetal cells
• Which cells appear as GHOST CELLS without distinct coloration?

  Maternal cells