Chapter 4 CPL LAW

• Runway strip


  Dimension of the runway strip is shown as a line, and the runway itself is shown as a dark or stippled shaded area
• Taxiway


  Randomised path provided to allow the taxiing of aircraft and to provide separation between one part of the aerodrome and another
• Parts of an aerodrome

  • Manoeuvring area
  • Apron
• Manoeuvring area


  Part of the movement area to be used for the takeoff, landing and taxiing of aircraft
• Apron


  Defined area on a land aerodrome intended to accommodate aircraft for purposes of loading or unloading passengers or cargo, refuelling, parking or maintenance
• Landing area


  Part of the movement area for the landing of aircraft
• Threshold


  Point where a 120 obstacle-free approach surface intersects the runway surface
• Displaced runway threshold (DTHR)


  As defined in the APNZ
• Movement area


  Part of an aerodrome to be used for the takeoff, landing and taxiing of aircraft, consisting of the manoeuvring area and aprons
• Operational area


  The movement area plus any ground installation or facility provided at an aerodrome for the safety of aircraft operations
• Aerodrome classification


  • Certificated aerodromes
  • Non-certificated public aerodromes
  • Non-certificated private aerodromes
  • Military aerodromes
• Certificated aerodromes


  Aerodromes that meet minimum standards of design and provide the required level of rescue and firefighting and comply with many other requirements
• Non-certificated public aerodromes


  Aerodromes that can comply with any operational conditions specified by the owner for operation of the aerodrome
• Non-certificated private aerodromes


  Privately owned and operated aerodromes that can only be used subject to any conditions specified by the owner
• Military aerodromes


  Can only be used by civil aircraft with the Base Commander's approval, except that air ambulance or mercy flights may operate without prior permission
• Controlled aerodromes


  Aerodromes that have an Air Traffic Control (ATC) unit providing an Aerodrome Control Service
• Uncontrolled aerodromes


  Aerodromes that do not have Air Traffic Control, where pilots are responsible for separation between themselves and other aircraft
• Aerodrome Flight Information Service (AFIS)


  A service provided for the purpose of giving advice and information useful for the safe and efficient conduct of flights in the vicinity of an aerodrome
• Attended aerodromes


  Aerodromes that provide either Air Traffic Control or Aerodrome Flight Information Service while staff are on duty
• Unattended aerodromes


  Aerodromes that have neither ATC nor AFIS in attendance
• Runway strip width


  At least two and a half times the wing span of the aeroplane, or 30 metres, whichever is the greater
• Performance group rating system

  Intended to help pilots quickly establish whether a runway is long enough for use under normal conditions, but not as accurate as a landing or takeoff graph
• Heliport


  Any defined area on land or water, and any defined area on a structure, intended to be used wholly or in part for the arrival, departure, and surface movement of helicopters
• Hover


  A helicopter flight at a constant height and position over the surface
• FATO (Final Approach and Take-Off area)


  As defined in the APNZ
• TLOF (Touchdown and Lift-Off area)


  As defined in the APNZ
• The traffic pattern followed by the helicopter must not interfere with the traffic of other aerodrome(s)
• Instrument approach traffic


  Using places away from populated areas and helicopters with external loads (single loads)
• The aerodrome traffic circuit should not be confused with an aerodrome Control Zone. The circuit involves airspace fairly close around the aerodrome whereas most Control Zones go much further out.
• Circuit Direction


  1. One-way circuit has been prescribed under Part 93

  2. At an IFR procedure

  3. When engaged in agricultural operations at uncontrolled aerodromes provided the ground signal is displayed and there is no conflict with other aerodrome traffic

  4. Pilots participating in accordance with Part 91.700 at an aviation event do not need to comply
• Circuit Direction


  • Most aerodromes in New Zealand are left-hand and a plan view picture shown in the AD section of the AIP (Volume 4)
  • Where a right-hand circuit applies, a solid black curved arrow is drawn towards the approach threshold of the runway vector
• Circuit Joining


  1. Joining directly

  2. Carrying out a standard overhead circuit joining procedure
• Joining Directly


  • Aircraft descends to circuit height prior to joining and makes a straight-in approach (joining on final) or joining the downwind or base leg
  • Should be at circuit height or to joining the downwind leg, base leg or final
• Standard Overhead Circuit Joining Procedure

  • Fly overhead the aerodrome at not less than 1,500 ft above aerodrome elevation (or not less than 500 ft above circuit height if a circuit height other than 1,000 ft is specified)
  • All turns are to be in the direction of the circuit, i.e. left turns for a left-hand circuit and right turns for a right-hand circuit
  • Join the circuit position on the non-traffic side of the runway and descend to circuit height over the aerodrome to join the downwind leg at a point that will ensure the aircraft is behind or ahead of other traffic in the circuit
• Pilots must advise the ATS unit of the nature of their intended movement before taxiing onto the manoeuvring area
• For all operations at aerodromes where an ATS unit (ATC or Flight Service) is in operation, radio equipped aircraft are requested to advise the ATS unit of the number of persons on board (POB) the aircraft prior to taxiing onto the manoeuvring area and also on first contact with the aerodrome ATS unit when arriving at the aerodrome
• ATIS is found at controlled aerodromes and provides meteorological and selected operational conditions information
• AWIB is found at unattended aerodromes and provides similar information to ATIS
• Controlled Aerodromes


  • Pilots must advise ATC of their intended movements and comply with ATC instructions
  • Obtain a clearance prior to taxiing, take-off and landing
  • Maintain a thorough situational awareness of other traffic on the aerodrome and in the immediate vicinity
• At controlled aerodromes where runway occupancy time should be at peak efficiency, pilots should be conversant with the manoeuvring area, especially runways, taxiways and holding points, be aware of wake turbulence requirements and their effect on aircraft operation, know the aerodrome procedures published in the AIP, plan ahead, be prepared for controller's instructions and comply without delay, make requests to ATC clear and concise, and not waste time for controllers or other operators