INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

• Solute


  The dissolved substance in a solution
• Solvent


  The dissolving medium in a solution
• Solution


  A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances
• Homogeneous


  A solution that is uniform in composition
• Mixture


  A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined
• Dissolve


  To cause a solute to pass into a solution
• Molecular Equation


  An equation in which the formulas of the compounds are written as though all species existed as molecules or whole units
• Ionic Equation


  An equation that shows dissolved species (soluble salts, acids, or bases) as free ions
• Net Ionic Equation


  An equation that shows only the ions that are directly involved in the reaction, with spectator ions removed
• Spectator Ions


  Ions present on both the product and reactant side that do not participate directly in the reaction
• Electrolytes


  • Salts
  • Strong Acids
  • Strong Bases
• Solids, liquids, and gases do not break into ions
• Salts, strong acids, and strong bases will ionize in aqueous solution
• The solubility table can be used to determine if a salt will ionize
• Strong acids are acids formed from group VIIA nonmetals (HBr, HCl, HI) and acids where the number of oxygen atoms minus the number of hydrogen atoms is 2 or greater
• Strong bases are bases formed from group IA and IIA metals, with the exceptions of Be, Mg, and Fr
• Acid + Base → Salt + Water
• Acid + Base → Salt + Water
• Oxidation Number = # of electrons lost - # of electrons gained
• Non-metal + Oxygen → Non-metal Oxide
• Base + Acid → Salt + Water
• Metal + Acid → Metal Salt + Hydrogen Gas
• Salt + Acid → Salt + Water