concentration of solution

• Solution


  A homogeneous mixture of one substance (the solute) dissolved in another substance (the solvent)
• Concentration


  A ratio of the amount of solute to the amount of solvent
• Percent volume


  Volume of solute (ml) / Volume of solution (ml) x 100
• Percent mass


  Mass of solute (g) / Mass of solution (g) x 100
• Percent volume


  • 75.0 ml / 250.0 ml x 100 = 30.0%
• Percent mass


  • 41.0 g / 372 g x 100 = 11.0%
• Molarity (M)


  Moles of solute / Liters of solution
• Mole


  SI unit of number of particles, can be used to express molecular weight
• Formula weight


  Grams per mole of an element
• Molar mass


  Grams per mole of a compound, calculated by adding molar masses of individual elements
• Making solutions


  g = M x L x molar mass
• Making solutions


  • g = (5 mol/L) (0.2 L) (58.44 g/mol) = 58.44 g
• Diluting solutions


  C1V1 = C2V2
• Diluting solutions


  • C1 = 5 M, C2 = 0.4 M, V2 = 100 ml, V1 = 8 ml
• Serial dilutions


  Dilutions made in series, using the formula: Dilution Factor = (V1 + V2) / V1
• Serial dilutions


  • To make 100 ml of 0.5 M glucose from 5 M glucose: 11.1 ml of 5 M glucose + 100 ml H2O
• Molarity- is the most common unit of concentration in biochemistry. It is the number of moles of solute per liter of solution