General Review

• Kidney (Left)


  E

  Function: removing waste products from the blood and regulating the water fluid levels

  
• Inferior Vena Cava


  A

  Function: return oxygen poor blood to heart

  
• Renal Artery


  B

  Function: supply oxygen rich blood to kidneys

  
• Renal Vein


  D

  Function: return oxygen poor and filtered blood to the inferior vena cava

  
• Hilus of kidneys


  C

  Function:transmits the vessels, nerves, and ureter

  
• Ureter


  F

  Function: move urine from collecting tubule to urinary bladder

  
• Urinary bladder


  G

  Function: hold urine

  
• Urethra


  H

  Function: allow urine to exit the body

  
• Cortex (of Kidney)


  A

  Function: filter blood and to remove the waste products

  
• Medulla (of Kidney)


  B

  Function: contains the structures of the nephrons responsible for maintaining the salt and water balance of the blood

  
• major renal calyx


  C

  Function:provides a channel for urine to flow through to the ureter

  
• renal papillae


  D

  Function: drain urine into the minor calyxes and thence to the ureters

  
• Renal pelvis


  E

  Function: drain urine into ureters

  
• Minor renal calyx


  F

  Function: drain urine from renal papillae and pass it on to the major renal calyx

  
• renal pyramids


  G

  Function: part of the medulla of the kidney that contains the structures of the nephrons responsible for maintaining the salt and water balance of the blood

  
• Capsule of kidney


  I

  Function: cover and protect kidney

  
• Mucosa (of urinary bladder)

  A

  Function: maintain water-proofing of internal bladder; expand to hold urine

  
• Rugae (of urinary bladder)

  B

  Function: allow bladder to expand to hold urine

  
• Trigone (of urinary bladder)


  C

  Function: signal the brain when the bladder is full

  
• Cortex (of kidneys, histology)

  B

  Function:filter blood and to remove the waste products

  
• Medulla (of kidneys, histology)

  A

  Function: maintain salt and water balance of blood

  
• Glomeruli (of kidneys, histology)


  A

  Function: first site of filtration of blood in kidneys

  
• Glomerulus (of kidneys, histology, 400x)


  D

  Function: first site of filtration of blood in kidneys

  
• Bowman's Capsule (glomerular capsule, kidneys, histology 400x)


  E

  Function: contain filtrate from glomerular capillaries)

  
• distal convoluted tubule (of kidneys, histology, 400x)

  A

  Function: acts as a site for selective secretion and reabsorption as water and ions pass between the blood and the filtrate across the tubule membrane

  
• proximal convoluted tubule (of kidneys, histology, 400x)


  B

  Function: regulates the pH of the filtrate by exchanging hydrogen ions in the interstitium for bicarbonate ions in the filtrate; responsible for secreting organic acids, such as creatinine and other bases, into the filtrate

  
• Simple squamous epithelium (of kidneys, histology, 400x)

  C

  Function: external layer of glomerular capsule

  
• Simple cuboidal epithelium (of kidneys, histology, 400x)

  F

  Function: form the tubules of the nephron

  
• Transitional Epithelium (urinary bladder, histology, 100x)


  A

  Function: allow for expansion of the lumen of the bladder

  
• Smooth Muscle (urinary bladder, histology, 100x)

  B

  Function: control micturition

  
• Renal corpuscle


  D

  Function: contains glomerulus and bowman's capsule; first site of blood filtration

  
• Glomerular capsule (Bowman's capsule)


  H

  Function: contain filtrate from glomerular capillaries

  
• Parietal Layer of Glomerular Capsule

  E

  Function: outer layer of Glomerular capsule

  
• Visceral Layer of Glomerular Capsule

  G

  Function: cover glomerular capillaries and allow filtrate into Glomerular capsule

  
• glomerular capillaries


  F

  Function: bring blood into glomerulus to allow filtrate into Glomerular capsule

  
• afferent arteriole


  B

  Function: bring blood into the glomereulus

  
• efferent arteriole


  C

  Function: Carry blood out of glomerulus

  
• juxtaglomerular apparatus


  A

  Function: regulates the function of each nephron

  
• proximal convoluted tubule


  C

  Function: regulates the pH of the filtrate by exchanging hydrogen ions in the interstitium for bicarbonate ions in the filtrate; responsible for secreting organic acids, such as creatinine and other bases, into the filtrate

  
• loop of Henle


  H

  Function:to create a concentration gradient in the medulla of the kidney