drugs

• stimulants -

  • affect the central nervous system
  • increases mental and physical alertness and reduces fatigue
  • increased risk of headaches
  • increased risk of high blood pressure
  • increased risk of stroke
  • increased risk of irregular heartbeat
  • increased risk of anxiety and tremors
  • they can be addictive and an overdose can kill
  • they can mask signs of serious injuries
  • they can cause poor judgement
• narcotic analgesics -

  • reduce the feeling of pain
  • able to train harder then competitors
  • increased risk of respiratory depression
  • increased risk of slow breathing limiting gaseous exchange
  • increased pain threshold can lead to further injury or exhaustion
  • increased risk of constipation
  • increased risk of apathy - lack of interest, enthusiasm or concern
  • they can become addictive
• anabolic agents -

  • artificially produced hormones that mimic testosterone
  • promote muscle and bone growth and reduces recovery time
  • increased risk of diseases (liver cancer, organ damage)
  • increased risk of infertility
  • increased risk of injury - especially tearing you tendons
  • increased risk of hair loss
  • increased risk of acne
  • increased risk of high blood pressure , heart attack, heart disease
  • increased risk of enlarged breasts in men and facial hair and deeper voice in women
  • an effect on emotional healthy, increasing aggressive behaviour and depression
• peptide hormones -

  • stimulate production of naturally occurring hormones
  • erythropoietin (EPO) increases red blood cell count
  • perform for longer before fatigue sets in
  • recovery time is shorter

  
  

  • increased risk of blood becoming more viscous
  • increased risk of heart attack
  • increased risk of embolism - blood vessels get blocked
  • increased risk of stroke
• diuretic drugs -

  • remove fluid from the body by increasing the rate of urination
  • helps performer lose weight quickly
  • reduce the concentration of other prohibited substances in urine by excreting it faster
  • increased risk of dehydration
  • increased risk of kidney failure
  • increased risk of heart failure
  • increased risk of muscle cramps
  • increased risk of headaches
  • increased risk of dizziness
• blood doping -

  • removing blood a few weeks before competition and freezing it
  • the body naturally replaces the red blood cells so re-injecting it increases the number of red blood cells in the blood stream
  • increases oxygen carrying capacity improving performers aerobic capacity
  • the performer can go longer before fatigue sets in and recovery time is shorter

  
  

  • increased risk of blood becoming more viscous
  • increased risk of heart attacks
  • increased risk of infection
  • increased risk of embolism - blood vessels are blocked
  • increased risk of stroke
• beta blockers -

  • reduces heart rate, muscle tension and blood pressure
  • reduces the effect of adrenaline
  • improves fine motor control and preciseness

  
  

  • increased risk of nausea
  • increased tiredness and weakness
  • increased risk of heart problems