Migration

• Push factors


  The reasons why people leave an area
• Pull factors


  The reasons why people move to a particular area
• Economic migration


  Migrating in order to improve their standard of living
• Refugee


  Someone whose asylum application has been successful. They are protected by international law, specifically the 1951 Refugee Convention.
• Asylum seeker


  A person who has applied for asylum on the ground that if he is returned to his country of origin they may be harmed/killed. They remain an asylum seeker for as long as their application is pending. The word asylum means safety/protection
• Immigration


  The act of moving into another country
• Emigration


  The act of leaving a country to settle permanently in another e.g. exiting that country
• Rural-urban migration


  Moving from the countryside to a town or city
• International migration


  Type of migration when you move to a different country
• Internal migration


  Moving from one place to another within a country
• Internally displaced person


  Someone who has been forced to flee their home but never cross an international border. Unlike refugees, they are not protected by international law or eligible to receive many types of aid because they are legally under the protection of their own government.
• Voluntary migration


  When people move of their own free will
• Forced migration


  When people have no choice - they either move or face extreme hardship or even death
• Multicultural


  The presence of, several distinct cultural or ethnic groups within a society
• Refugee convention


  Refers to both the 1951 the Convention on the Status of Refugees and the 1967 Protocol
• UNHCR


  Acronym which stands for the United Nations High Commission for Refugees. It is a global organization dedicated to saving lives, protecting rights and building a better future for refugees, forcibly displaced communities and stateless people.
• Open door system


  An immigration policy where a country encourages migrants to move in, often for economic reasons (work)
• Points based system


  Tests which are used to assess the qualifications and skills that potential immigrants have to see if they match the jobs and skills needed in that country