Separation Techniques

• A mixture is made up of 2 or more substances mixed together but not chemically bonded.
• Filtration - used to separate solids from liquids, using a filter paper
• An impure substance's melting point is over a range of temperatures.
• A solvent is the substance in which the solute dissolves.
• A solute dissolves into a solvent.
• A solution is the mixture of solute and solvent.
• A saturated solution is a solution in which no more solute can be dissolved.
• Solubility - how much solute can dissolve in a solvent.
• If something is insoluble, the substance cannot dissolve in a particular solvent.
• A filtrate is the solution that passes through the filter paper.
• Residue is the insoluble substance left in the filter.
• Evaporation separates the solute from the solvent.
• Distillation uses a condenser to separate the liquid from the vapour
• Crystillisation involves the evaporation of solvent from a solution. Eventually it becomes saturated and cannot hold more solute.

  Salt crystallises out as a solid.