cardiovascular medications

• name the 5 classes of antihypertensive medications

  ACE inhibitors (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors)

  ARB (Angiotensin 2 receptor blockers)

  beta-blockers

  calcium channel blockers

  diuretics
• name the 4 classes of antiarrhythmics

  class 1 - sodium channel blockers

  class 2 - Beta-blockers

  class 3 - potassium channel blockers

  class 4 - calcium channel blockers
• name the 3 common anticoagulants used

  • Vitamin K Antagonists (e.g., Warfarin): Inhibit the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors.
  • Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs) (e.g., Dabigatran, Rivaroxaban): Directly inhibit specific clotting factors such as thrombin (factor IIa) or factor Xa.
  • Heparins (e.g., Unfractionated Heparin, Enoxaparin): Enhance the activity of antithrombin III, which inhibits thrombin and factor Xa.
• name the 2 common antiplatelet agents

  • Aspirin: Inhibits cyclooxygenase, reducing thromboxane A2 and thus platelet aggregation.
  • P2Y12 Inhibitors (e.g., Clopidogrel, Ticagrelor): Block the P2Y12 component of ADP receptors on the platelet surface, preventing activation and aggregation.
• Statins are what type of medication

  statins are a class of medications that help lower cholesterol by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme involved in cholesterol synthesis
• name 2 statins

  Atorvastatin

  simvastatin
• cardiac glycosides

  (e.g., Digoxin): Increase the force of cardiac contractions and reduce heart rate by inhibiting the sodium-potassium ATPase pump.
• Nitrates

  (e.g., Nitroglycerin, Isosorbide Mononitrate): Vasodilate coronary arteries and reduce myocardial oxygen demand by decreasing preload and afterload.
• antihypertensives - such as ACE inhibitors work to lower blood pressure
• major cardiac drug classes

  Antiarrhythmics - such as sodium, potassium and calcium channel blockers, and beta blockers, work to slow electrical impulses in the heart to regulate heart beat
• major cardiac drug classes

  anticoagulants - such as vitamin K antagonists, heparins and direct oral anticoagulants work to prevent coagulation of blood.
• major cardiac drug classes

  antiplatelet agents - aspirin nd P2Y12 inhibitors reduce and prevent platelet aggregation.
• major cardiac drug classes

  statins - lower cholesterol such as atorvastatin and simvastatin
• major cardiac drug classes

  Nitrates - are vasodilators used to reduce myocardial oxygen demand by decreasing preload and afterload.
• major cardiac drug classes

  cardio glycosides - (digoxin) increase the force of cardiac contractions and reduce heart rate by inhibiting the sodium-potassium ATPase pump