new drugs from chat

• Antibiotics


  • Penicillins
  • Cephalosporins
  • Aminoglycosides
  • Tetracyclines
  • Macrolides
• Penicillins


  Example: Amoxicillin
• Penicillins


  • Use: Bacterial infections
  • Mechanism: Inhibits cell wall synthesis
  • Side Effects: Allergic reactions, gastrointestinal upset
• Cephalosporins


  Example: Ceftriaxone
• Cephalosporins


  • Use: Bacterial infections
  • Mechanism: Inhibits cell wall synthesis
  • Side Effects: Allergic reactions, gastrointestinal upset
• Aminoglycosides


  Example: Gentamicin
• Aminoglycosides


  • Use: Severe bacterial infections
  • Mechanism: Inhibits protein synthesis
  • Side Effects: Nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity
• Tetracyclines


  Example: Doxycycline
• Tetracyclines


  • Use: Bacterial infections, acne
  • Mechanism: Inhibits protein synthesis
  • Side Effects: Photosensitivity, teeth discoloration in children
• Macrolides


  Example: Azithromycin
• Macrolides


  • Use: Respiratory infections, skin infections
  • Mechanism: Inhibits protein synthesis
  • Side Effects: Gastrointestinal upset, QT prolongation
• Antihypertensives


  • ACE Inhibitors
  • Beta Blockers
  • Calcium Channel Blockers
  • Diuretics
• ACE Inhibitors


  Example: Enalapril
• ACE Inhibitors


  • Use: Hypertension, heart failure
  • Mechanism: Inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme
  • Side Effects: Cough, hyperkalemia, angioedema
• Beta Blockers


  Example: Metoprolol
• Beta Blockers


  • Use: Hypertension, angina, heart failure
  • Mechanism: Blocks beta-adrenergic receptors
  • Side Effects: Bradycardia, fatigue, bronchospasm
• Calcium Channel Blockers


  Example: Amlodipine
• Calcium Channel Blockers


  • Use: Hypertension, angina
  • Mechanism: Inhibits calcium ion influx
  • Side Effects: Edema, dizziness, constipation
• Diuretics


  Example: Furosemide (Loop Diuretic), Hydrochlorothiazide (Thiazide Diuretic)
• Diuretics


  • Use: Hypertension, edema
  • Mechanism: Increases urine output
  • Side Effects: Electrolyte imbalances, dehydration
• Antidiabetics


  • Insulin
  • Metformin
  • Sulfonylureas
• Insulin


  Example: Insulin glargine
• Insulin


  • Use: Diabetes mellitus
  • Mechanism: Lowers blood glucose
  • Side Effects: Hypoglycemia, weight gain
• Metformin


  Use: Type 2 diabetes
• Metformin


  • Mechanism: Decreases hepatic glucose production
  • Side Effects: Gastrointestinal upset, lactic acidosis (rare)
• Sulfonylureas


  Example: Glipizide
• Sulfonylureas


  • Use: Type 2 diabetes
  • Mechanism: Stimulates insulin release
  • Side Effects: Hypoglycemia, weight gain
• Analgesics


  • Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
  • Opioids
  • Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)
• Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)


  Example: Ibuprofen
• Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)

  • Use: Pain, inflammation
  • Mechanism: Inhibits COX enzymes
  • Side Effects: Gastrointestinal upset, renal impairment
• Opioids


  Example: Morphine
• Opioids


  • Use: Severe pain
  • Mechanism: Binds to opioid receptors
  • Side Effects: Respiratory depression, constipation, addiction
• Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)


  Use: Pain, fever
• Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)


  • Mechanism: Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis in the CNS
  • Side Effects: Hepatotoxicity in overdose
• Psychotropic Medications


  • Antidepressants
  • Antipsychotics
  • Anxiolytics
• Antidepressants


  • SSRIs: Example - Fluoxetine
  • Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs): Example - Amitriptyline
• SSRIs


  • Use: Depression, anxiety
  • Mechanism: Inhibits serotonin reuptake
  • Side Effects: Sexual dysfunction, weight changes
• Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)


  • Use: Depression, neuropathic pain
  • Mechanism: Inhibits reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin
  • Side Effects: Anticholinergic effects, cardiac toxicity
• Antipsychotics


  Example: Risperidone
• Antipsychotics


  • Use: Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder
  • Mechanism: Blocks dopamine and serotonin receptors
  • Side Effects: Weight gain, metabolic syndrome, extrapyramidal symptoms