STEP (EXAM) SCIENCE

• EARTH QUAKES - The shaking of the ground cause of a sudden release of energy of the Earth's interior
• HETEROGENOUS- CANNOT BE IDENTIFIED

  HOMOGENEOUS- CAN BE IDENTIFIED
• UNIFORM - HOMOGENEOUS

  NON-UNIFORM - HETEROGENEOUS
• 3 TYPES  OF MIXTURE

  SOLUTION

  SUSPENSION

  COLLOID
• 10 WAYS OF SEPARATING MIXTURES

  HANDPICKING

  DECANTATION

  SIEVING

  FILTRATION

  EVAPORATION

  THRESHING

  MAGNET

  WINNOWING

  DISTILLATION

  CHROMOTOGRAPHY
• Insoluble - did not dissolved

  Soluble - Dissolved
• Solvent - Dissolver

  Solute - Disolve
• FACTORS THAT AFFECTS SOLUBILITY OF SOLUTE

  STIRRING / SHAKING

  TEMPERATURE / HEAT

  SIZE / CRUSHING
• Body System

  Skeletal System - Framework
• Function of the skeletal system

  Support movement

  Shape with the help of muscle

  Protect internal organs

  Produce blood

  Storage of calcium
• Axial - Protect internal organs

  Appendicular - support movement
• Joints

  Ball and sockets - all directions

  Hinge Joints - one direction

  Glinding side to side and back to fourth movement

  Pivot joint - rotation

  Immovable - doesn't allow movement/skull
• Cardiac muscle - muscle of the heart that contract the pump of the blood

  Smooth muscle - no bone, involuntary, found in the stomach

  Skeletal muscle - muscle attach bones, voluntary
• Digestive system-break of food so it can be absorbed by the body
• 5 parts of digestive system

  Mouth

  Esophagus

  Stomach

  Small intestine

  Large intestine
• Integumentary system-protect against germ and control body temparature
• The 3 layers of skin

  Epidermis

  Dermis

  Hypodermis
• Respiratory-give us oxygen
• Respiration-process of exchanges gasses of the environment
• Parts of respiratory system

  Nasal cavity

  Pharynx

  Larynx

  Trachea

  Bronchi

  Bronchioles

  Alveoli

  Lungs

  Diaphragm
• Circulatory system-transport system of the body
• Parts of circulatory

  Heart

  Blood

  Blood vessels
• Nervous system:

  Two types of nerves

  Central nervous system

  Peripheral nervous system
• Parts of the brain

  Medulla

  Cerebrum

  Cerebellum
• Spinal cord functions:

  Pathway or passageway

  Responsible for reflex action

  Synapse is the space between neurons/nerves
• 2 types of animal

  Vertebrates animal

  1. Viviparous - they are born alive
  2. Oviparous - hatched from egg
• Invertebrates animals

  1. Arthropods
  2. Mollusks
  3. Echinoderms
  4. Poriferams
  5. Chidarians
  6. Platyhelminthes
  7. Nematodes
  8. Annelids
• Needed to plant to produce

  • Soil
  • Carbon dioxide
  • Sunlight
• Rainforest Layer

  • Forest floor - home to animals
  • Understory layer - 59 feet below
  • Canopy layer - 60-129 feet
  • Emergent - 130-180 feet
• Food chain: A linear sequence of orgasms events that occur in a food web
• Food chain

  Plant - producer

  Worm - primary consumer

  Chicken - secondary consumer

  Snake - fertiary consumer

  Fungi - Decomposer
• Food web

  1. Grass • rabbit • snake
  2. Grass • rabbit • eagle
  3. Grass • grasshopper • gecko • eagle
  4. Grass • rat • snake • eagle