Erik Erikson

• Infancy


  • Trust Vs. Mistrust
  • Hope
• Toddlerhood


  • Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
  • Will
• Early Childhood


  • Initiative vs. Guilt
  • Purpose
• Middle and late Childhood


  • Industry vs. Inferiority
  • Competence
• Adolescence


  • Identity vs. Identity Confusion
  • Fidelity
• Young Adulthood


  • Intimacy vs. Isolation
  • Love
• Middle Adulthood


  • Generativity vs. Stagnation
  • Care
• Late Adulthood


  • Integrity vs. Despair
  • Wisdom
• Erikson emphasized the influence of society on the developing personality
• Crisis


  Major psychosocial challenge that is particularly important at that time and will remain an issue to some degree throughout the rest of life
• Each stage requires balancing positive and negative tendency
• Successful resolution of each crisis puts the person in a particularly good position to address the next crisis, a process that occurs iteratively across the life span
• Social and cultural influences mattered
• Social Clock


  Conventional, culturally preferred timing of important life events
• Development is a lifelong process