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• What do you call the muscular tube that is 25cm long in adults?

  Esophagus
• Esophagus transports swallowed materials from the PHARYNX to the STOMACH
• The 4 layers of the GI tract become well-established and clearly seen where?

  Esophagus
• The esophageal mucosa consists of what type of epithelium?

  non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
• The UPPER ONE-THIRD of the esophagus consists of EXCLUSIVELY SKELETAL MUSCLE.
• The MIDDLE PORTION of the ESOPHAGUS is a combination of SKELETAL and SMOOTH MUSCLE
• The LOWER THIRD of the ESOPHAGUS is EXCLUSIVELY SMOOTH MUSCLE.
• What are the 3 layers of the esophageal mucosa?

  Stratified squamous epithelium, lamina propria, and muscularis mucosa
• Which esophageal layer contains the adipose tissue, mucous acini of esophageal glands and the proper blood vessels?

  Submucosa
• The muscularis externa of the esophagus consists of an INNER CIRCULAR MUSCLE LAYER and OUTER LONGITUDINAL MUSCLE LAYER (mixed of skeletal and smooth muscle fibers)
• Which layer consist of LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE, ADIPOSE, LARGE BLOOD VESSELS, and NERVE CELLS?

  Serosa or Adventitia
• The mucosa and submucosa of the lower esophagus is similar to what?

  upper esophagus
• The serosa of the lower esophagus consist of CONNECTIVE TISSUE with SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM
• The GLANDS in the esophagus produces MUCUS that LUBRICATES the ESOPHAGEAL LUMEN and protects it during the passage of BOLUS.
• Bolus: ingested solid materials
• What esophageal gland is located in the LAMINA PROPRIA?

  Esophageal cardiac glands
• The esophageal cardiac glands resembles the mucus gland in the CARDIA REGION of the STOMACH.
• What esophageal gland is located at the connective tissue of SUBMUCOSA?

  Esophageal glands proper
• Label:

  A) Esophageal cardiac gland

  B) Esophageal gland proper

  
• What is this?

  The gastro-esophageal juction

  
• Label:

  A) Stratified Squamous Epithelium

  B) Simple Columnar Epithelium

  C) Lamina propia

  D) muscularis mucosae

  E) Esophageal cardiac gland

  
• Esophagus: non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
• What type of epithelium does the stomach have?

  simple columnar epithelium
• The surface of the stomach contains what?

  gastric pit
• What are the 2 glands present in the stomach?

  cardiac and gastric glands
• Label the 2 glands found in the stomach:

  A) Gastric glands

  B) Cardiac glands

  
• The lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, muscularis externa and submucose of ESOPHAGUS is continuous with the STOMACH.