3.3.5.1 Alcohol production

• How to make ethanol

  Direct hydration of ethene, fermentation
• Conditions for fermentation of carbohydrates

  35 degrees, 1atm, catalyst is yeast, anaerobic
• Raw materials for fermentation of carbs

  Sugar which is renewable
• Type of process of fermentation of carbs

  Batch so its a limited supply
• Conditions of reaction of ethene with steam

  High temperature of 300 degrees, high pressure, catalyst concentrated acid, H2SO4, H3PO4
• Raw materials in hydration with ethene and steam

  Hydrocarbons and alkenes and its finite
• Type of process of reaction of steam and ethene

  Continuous and its fast
• Purity of ethanol in fermentation of carbs

  Impure
• Purity of reaction of steam and ethene

  Pure
• Benefits of using ethanol

  Renewable and its carbon neutral
• Why might biofuels not be completely carbon neutral?

  Farming and transportation, harvesting uses vehicles and produces CO2
• Which method of ethanol production is used to make biofuel

  Fermentation
• Main points of biofuels are a disadvantage

  Use of land, deforestation, fertilisers, and car engines
• Why can alcohol undergo many reaction

  The presence of dipoles on the O-H bond in addition
• Alcohols in combustion

  Produces carbon dioxide and water, burns with a clean, pale blue flame
• Reaction of alcohols with sodium

  Effervescence, increase in temperature, sodium dissolves
• Why are sodium salts formed?

  Straight chain alcohols are weak acids