Birmingham and Istanbul

• Where is Turkey located

  Middle East

  Spans over Europe and Asia
• Where is Istanbul located

  North west turkey

  Only city to span over two continents

  Contains the bosphorous strait
• How big is Istanbul

  5000km ^2
• What is Istanbul population density

  2000/km
• Population of Istanbul

  15 million
• How many migrants arrived in Istanbul in 2017

  400,000
• How many Syrian refugees arrived in Istanbul

  5 million
• Positives of migration in Istanbul


  Istanbul is a significant destination for migrants looking for work which increases the economy
• Negatives of migration 


  People smugglers use the Iran-Turkey border to bring illegal immigrants from areas such as Pakistan which could increase crime rates
• Ways of life in Istanbul

  Islam is an important cultural influence in the city

  • Family and marriage are important and many houses are multi generational
• Challenges faced in Istanbul:

  • Housing quality - poorer migrants build squatter settlements on the edges of cities called gecekondus where sanitation is poor and disease is high. 80% of the housing in these areas is said to be illegal
  • Traffic congestion - at rush hour the average speed is 8mph. There are only 3 bridges over the Bosporous strait which carry over 400,000 vehicles daily
• What is the sustainable initiative in Istanbul

  Bus rapid Transit system
• How many passengers does the bus rapid system serve daily

  750,000
• How many days do these people save yearly who take this system

  28 days
• How many stations does the bus rapid system have

  45
• How long is the bus rapid system

  29km
• One economic positive of the bus rapid

  People aren’t late to work, they work more and pay taxes which is better for the economy
• What is an environmental positive of the bus rapid system

  Reduces emissions set by cars as there are less cars on the road
• What is a social positive of the bus rapid

  Busses are safer almost halving accidents
• Where is Birmingham located

  West Midlands
• Population of Birmingham

  1.1 million
• When did Birmingham grow population wise

  During the industrial revolution when it developed large - scale manufacturing industries and it became the centre of Grabd junction railways connecting Birmingham to areas like London and Manchester
• Population of Birmingham in 1700

  10,000
• Why did so many migrants go to Birmingham during the Industrial Revolution

  Birmingham was popular in metal work and engineering and it attracted many workers
• What % of the population in Birmingham is white British

  53
• Ways of life in Birmingham

  Culture : 1000 creative businesses employ 17,000 people

  The balti triangle is home to over 50 restaurants serving balti dishes

  Ethnicity: Ethnic minorities make up about 30% of the population in Birmingham but 86% of these people call themselves British
• What is the poorer area in Birmingham called

  Sparkbrook
• What is the richer area called

  Sutton four oaks
• What is the % of unemployment in Sparkbrook

  24.5
• What is the % of unemployment in Sutton four oaks

  3.1
• What is the % of children living in poverty in Sparkbrook

  49
• What is the % of children living in poverty in Sutton four oaks

  7
• What is the sustainable initiative in Birmingham

  The library of birmingham
• When did the library open

  2013
• One environmental positive of the library

  Recycled 95% of waste material
• What is one social positive of the library

  2.5 million visitors yearly
• What is one economic positive of the library

  Employed 250 people to reduce unemployment
• What is another environmental positive of the library

  Roof garden to increase biodiversity and natural sunlight and ventilation