Asexual sex chromosomes

• The idea of asexual sex chromosomes develops an understanding of gender being biologically derived.

  This is because the 23rd pair of chromosomes either result in XX (female) or XY (male) and anything outside of that is atypical.
• Turner's syndrome

  This affects every 1 in 2200 people and results in the second X chromosome being missing or incomplete resulting in 45 chromosomes (XO).

  These individuals end up having webbed necks, stunted growth and infertility from underdeveloped ovaries.

  Psychologically they have poor spatial and mathematical abilities and poor social adjustment.
• Klinefelter's Syndrome

  This affects every 1 in 600 people and results in an extra X chromosome resulting in 47 chromosomes (XXY).

  These individuals end up having underdeveloped testis, gynaecomastia and poor beard growth.

  Psychologically they have passive temperaments, poor language development and low mood.
• AO3

  :)

  Evidence suggests that chromosomal differences lead to gender differences in the sense that they show psychological, behavioural and physiological differences.

  Research to support this comes from Delsi who found that 10/11 KF sufferers had smaller frontal, temporal lobes, and superior temporal gyrus' compared to a control group and measured using MRIs and cognitive tests.

  Brown et al found that 26 TN sufferers had smaller posterior cereberal and cerebella areas.

  This therefore shows evidence of biological differences which supports the nature side of the debate.
• AO3

  :(

  Issues with research into atypical chromosomes show that large samples are required in order to build a database to differentiate between mild and severe symptoms as severe are the most common.

  Booda et al found more prospective studies built more accurate pictures of symptoms relating to KF suggesting that those suffering with KF are actual fairly successful in life.

  This therefore shows that the typical pictures of KF and TN are actually exaggerated.
• AO3

  :(

  There are issues of causality as the relationship between chromosomal abnormalities and differences that are present are not causal.

  This is because the environment and social influences may be more responsible for behavioural differences.

  For example, acting immaturely with TN may actually be the result of being treated immaturely and not the abnormality itself.