POS - Chronic inflammation

• What are the 3 cell types of chronic inflammation

  Lymphocytes

  plasma cells

  Macrophages
• Where are lymphocytes from

  Bone marrow
• Where do lymphocytes circulate between

  Blood

  Tissues

  Lymphatics
• Describe the appearance of lymphocytes

  Round cells

  Densely staining nuclei

  Thin rim of cytoplasm

  Types vary in function
• What are plasma cells derived from

  B lymphocytes
• What does plasma cell Prescence indicate

  A humoral response
• What are mott cells

  activated plasma cells with abundant haemoglobin?
• Describe the nucleus of macrophages

  Large

  Round

  Eccentric
• In inflammation what are most macrophages derived from

  Circulating monocytes which leave vessels
• What is a histiocyte

  A fixed phagocytic cell
• How are macrophages usually found in tissues

  as fixed histiocytes - phagocytic
• What are the functions of macrophages

  phagocytosis antigen presentation

  Stimulation of fibrosis Form complexes around pathogens - tissue grains
• What is the name given to the complexes from macrophages that form around pathogens

  Tissue brain
• What type of bacteria can hide and survive inside macrophages -

  Acid fast bacilli
• What are giant cells

  multinucleated

  formed by fusion of macrophages / epithelioid cells
• What do histiocytes usually join together to form

  Granulomas
• What are epithelioid cells

  Look a bit like squamous epithelium

  pink cytoplasm mainly secretory - derivatives of activated macrophages

  Gather around foci of necrosis
• What are the 3 different types of chronic inflammation

  Granulomatous

  Bacterial

  Parasitic
• Describe granulomatous chronic inflammation 


  There is a central core around an irritant

  macrophages - often as epithelioid cells - are the main effector

  eosinophils if parasitic

  Necrosis in mycobacteria granulomas + fungal

  calcification if mycobacterial