Science G10 Q1M1

• Active volcano


  A volcano with accounts of eruption documented within 10,000 years
• Continent


  A big body of land on the globe
• Earthquake


  A vibration of Earth due to the rapid release of energy
• Epicenter


  The location on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake
• Focus


  The exact site of the origin of an earthquake, below the epicenter
• Magma

  The liquid rock below the Earth's surface
• Mountain


  A landmass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill
• Mountain range


  A chain of mountains
• Seismic waves

  Earthquake waves
• Primary wave (P-wave)


  The first type of seismic wave to be recorded in a seismic station, these compression waves are the fastest and travel through solids, liquids, and gases
• Secondary wave (S-wave)


  The second type of earthquake wave to be recorded in a seismic station; these shearing waves are stronger than P-waves, but only move through solids
• Seismogram

  The graphical record of an earthquake
• Seismograph


  A measuring instrument for detecting and measuring the intensity and direction and duration of movements of an earthquake
• Tsunami


  A Japanese term for "big wave in the port;" generated during undersea quakes
• Volcano


  A mountain or hill, typically conical, having a crater or vent through which lava, rock fragments, hot vapor and gas is being or have been erupted from the earth's crust
• Vapor


  Gas that has been erupted from the earth's crust
• Our Earth has four layers consisting of different materials, namely, crust, mantle, inner, and outer core
• Lithosphere

  In constant but very slow motion
• Tectonics


  The movement of the lithosphere
• According to the Plate Tectonics Theory, the entire lithosphere of the Earth is broken into numerous segments called plates
• The arrows show the direction of the plate movement and the other lines are the fault lines
• There are seven relatively large plates and several smaller ones, including the Philippine plate
• Plate movements may result in earthquakes, which can happen anytime, either on land or underwater
• Earthquakes on land can be caused either by tectonic plates movement or volcanic eruptions
• Earthquakes under the sea can cause a tsunami
• The Philippines is situated in the Ring of Fire, a long chain of volcanoes and other tectonically active structures that surround the Pacific Ocean
• The Ring of Fire is one of the most geologically active areas on Earth and a site for frequent earthquakes and powerful volcanic eruptions
• The Pacific Ring of Fire has active volcanoes all over the Pacific region
• The Philippines is at risk of disasters related to geologic activities
• There are high-risk areas in the Philippines prone to natural disasters like earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis
• Risks present in all regions

  • Not specified
• Safest place in the country

  Batanes - very low risk in geologic disasters
• Regions prone to earthquakes but not volcanic eruption

  • Cagayan Valley
  • Eastern Visayas
  • Northern Mindanao
• All the risks identified can cause harmful effects to the environment, country, and communities, and may result in death of unprepared people
• Geologic Disaster Preparedness

  1. Before

  2. During

  3. After
• If an earthquake begins while you are in a building, the safest thing for you to do is get under the strongest table, chair, or other pieces of furniture
• The worst and irreversible effect of negligence or failure to prepare for natural geologic disasters is death
• The crust and a part of the upper mantle make up the lithosphere
• Plates are large pieces of the upper few hundred kilometers of Earth that move as a single unit as it moves above the mantle
• Continental plates are thicker but less dense, and Oceanic plates are thinner but denser